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Disorders of brain structure and function and crime
Published in John C. Gunn, Pamela J. Taylor, Forensic Psychiatry, 2014
Pamela J Taylor, John Gunnm, Michael D Kopelman, Veena Kumari, Pamela J Taylor, Birgit Völlm, Mairead Dolan, Paul d‘Orban, John Gunn, Anthony Holland, Michael D Kopelman, Graham Robertson, Pamela J Taylor
Various specific techniques have been proposed for differentiating between authentic and feigned amnesia following an alleged crime, to supplement the clinical examination (see Kopelman, 1987; Christianson et al., 2006). Some of these tests, however, such as the Symptom Validity Test or the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (see Christianson and Merckelbach, 2004) have limited applicability for assessing what may be a very brief amnesia occurring in familiar surroundings but in extreme circumstances.
Pseudotremor and Other Nonphysiologic Movement Disorders
Published in Kyle Brauer Boone, Neuropsychological Evaluation of Somatoform and Other Functional Somatic Conditions, 2017
With respect to emotional/personality functioning in patients with PMD, Anderson and colleagues (2007) examined responses to the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18; Derogatis, 2001) in 41 heterogeneous PMD patients and 499 PD patients. The PMD patients scored significantly higher on all three scales (Anxiety, Depression, and Somatization), as well as on the overall Global Symptom Index, with mean scores almost one standard deviation above the T-score norm of 50. These findings provide support for psychogenesis of PMD symptoms (Hallett, 2011), and it may be that one of the current controversies within the field of PMD (i.e., whether or not psychological symptoms are necessary for a diagnosis of a nonphysiologically based movement disorder) could be addressed through the wider use of psychological screening measures such as the BSI-18. However, more comprehensive measures of emotional, personality, and psychological functioning, such as the MMPI-2-RF, would provide more extensive and pertinent information over and above the presence of anxiety and/or depression, such as predisposition to a somatoform personality orientation, interpersonal stressors, personality disorder, and credibility of physical symptom report. Of note, the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS; Widows & Smith, 2005), a 100-item measure assessing for credibility of neurologic, intellectual/memory, and psychiatric (affective disorders and psychosis) symptom report, was studied in 26 PMD patients as compared to 26 neurologic patients and 18 healthy controls. Twenty-three percent of PMD patients scored beyond the overall test cutoff, in contrast to only 4% of neurologic patients and none of the control participants (van Beilen, Griffioen, Gross, & Leenders, 2009).
Deception and Psychosis
Published in Harold V. Hall, Joseph G. Poirier, Detecting Malingering and Deception, 2020
Harold V. Hall, Joseph G. Poirier
One answer to the length of administration time of the instruments cited above are screening instruments. It should be noted, however, that the usual recommendation is that screening instruments be utilized as brief front-end measures to supplement the usual administration of full test batteries. Smith (2018) chronicled the histories of a number of screening instruments for the forensic assessment of malingering. Selected examples of these screening instruments are listed below. M Test: A screening instrument for assessing malingering of schizophrenia developed by Beaber, Marston, Michelli, and Mills (1985). The M Test is a 33 item, self-report, true/false scale. It consists of three scales: (1) Confusion (C) scale where subjects are expected to respond in a particular way (e.g., “I believe that cancer is a horrible disease”); (2) Schizophrenia (S) scale where items reflect DSM III-R associated features of schizophrenia (e.g., “Periodically, I am bothered by hearing voices that no one else hears”); and (3) Malingering (M) scale or indicators of malingered schizophrenia.M-FAST (Miller Forensic Assessment of Symptoms Test, Jackson, Rogers, & Sewell, 2005; Miller, 2001, 2004): A screening measure for the detection of feigned, or malingered, mental illness. According to the author, an initial research effort with the instrument yielded better classification accuracy of malingered mental illness compared to the M Test and compared to results of clinical interviewing.SIMS (Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology, Smith & Burger, 1997): One of the most widely used SVT instruments by neuropsychologists (Merten et al., 2016). The authors of the instrument conducted a literature review and proposed five indices indicative of symptom exaggeration. The SIMS appears to be a promising brief measure for identifying the exaggeration of symptoms (e.g., Jelicic, Gaal, & Peters, 2013; Smith & Burger, 1997).
Ethical Issues to Consider Before Introducing Neurotechnological Thought Apprehension in Psychiatry
Published in AJOB Neuroscience, 2019
Deception in forensic settings is considered to be a common phenomenon. According to (Young 2014), "the prevalence of malingering in the forensic disability and related context" has been estimated to be a "percentage of up to 50% or so.” At present, forensic practitioners can assess deception by evaluating the presence of certain “cues,” for instance, rare symptoms, unexpected symptom combinations, and the severity of the symptoms (Rogers and Granacher 2011). In addition, forensic practitioners may use structured tools to assess the possibility of deception and malingering, such as the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) (Van Impelen et al. 2014). Current skills and tests are far from perfect, however, and deception continues to be an important issue in forensic psychiatric evaluations. NTA could be used to diminish that problem. Yet the use of NTA could be considered an explicit and serious expression of the psychiatrist's distrust of the person.
Sequelae of Blast Events in Iraq and Afghanistan War Veterans using the Salisbury Blast Interview: A CENC Study
Published in Brain Injury, 2020
Jared A. Rowland, Sarah L. Martindale, Kayla M. Spengler, Robert D. Shura, Katherine H. Taber
Self-report measures were also included to evaluate current PTSD symptoms (PTSD Checklist – 5; PCL-5 (24)), postconcussive symptoms (The Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (25)), and combat exposure (The Deployment Risk and Resiliency Inventory, Version 2, Combat Experiences; DRRI-2 module D (21)). The Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) (26) evaluated the validity of symptom presentation. Cutoff scores for a variety of populations have been developed; however, none are specific to service members or veterans (27). Therefore, a lenient cutoff score of 24 was selected for comparisons adjusting for symptom validity.
Reliability, validity, and factorial structure of the Turkish version of the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (Turkish SIMS)
Published in Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2019
Ferhat Can Ardic, Samet Kose, Mustafa Solmaz, Filiz Kulacaoglu, Yasin Hasan Balcioglu
Smith and Burger developed the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) in 1997 as a self-report measure designed to assess symptoms of both feigned psychopathology and cognitive function [9]. In this present study, we aimed to examine the reliability, validity, and factor structure of the SIMS with a known group study design in Turkish forensic psychiatry sample.