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Information Management in Nursing Leaders' Operational Decision-Making
Published in Connie White Delaney, Charlotte A. Weaver, Joyce Sensmeier, Lisiane Pruinelli, Patrick Weber, Deborah Trautman, Kedar Mate, Howard Catton, Nursing and Informatics for the 21st Century – Embracing a Digital World, 3rd Edition, Book 1, 2022
Data and information play pivotal functions in operations management. Accurate and timely data and information are key for achieving situational awareness, which means that the leader recognises relevant elements in the setting at a specific point in time, comprehends the meaning of these elements and is able to project the situation for the near future (Endsley, 1995). Situational awareness is currently receiving an increasing amount of attention in healthcare, particularly from an operations management perspective (Kontio et al., 2013;Lundgrén-Laine et al., 2013; Norri-Sederholm et al., 2015). Lack of situational awareness presents a serious risk to patient safety, staff work and well-being and quality of care delivered. Therefore, it is crucial that leaders devote attention to the substance, accuracy, timeliness, format and accessibility of data and information needed at the point of decision-making.
Human Factors and Patient Self-Care
Published in Richard J. Holden, Rupa S. Valdez, The Patient Factor, 2021
Barrett S. Caldwell, Siobhan M. Heiden, Michelle Jahn Holbrook
As Figure 7.1 suggests, patient-care activities involve the patient at the center of their care with the patient-facing tools also at the center. This figure shows how the three concepts discussed in this chapter overlap and work together to support patient self-care activities. Signal detection first affects the patient through recognition of an event, sometimes through a patient-facing tool or technology. The patient can share that information and provide alerts to members of their care team. Together, using tools and technology to treat the resulting healthcare event, the patient and their care team experience the three levels of situation awareness: perception; cognition; and projection. The usability of healthcare tools and technologies need to be designed to support the signal detection and situation awareness needs for determining appropriate self-care activities and interventions.
Professional identity in medicine
Published in Roger Ellis, Elaine Hogard, Professional Identity in the Caring Professions, 2020
Stuart Lane, Christopher Roberts
There are three levels of situational awareness: perception, comprehension and projection. Perception is about achieving the status, attributes and dynamic elements in the environment. This involves the processes of monitoring, cue detection and simple recognition, which leads to an awareness of multiple situational elements and their current states. Comprehension involves a synthesis of the disjointed elements of perception through processes of pattern recognition, interpretation and evaluation. This requires integrating this information to understand how it will impact upon the individual's goals and objectives. This includes developing a comprehensive picture of the world, or that portion of the world concerned to the individual. Projection is the highest level of situational awareness and involves the ability to project the future actions of these elements in the environment. This level is achieved through the knowledge of the status and dynamics of the elements and comprehension of the situation and then extrapolating this information forwards in time to determine how it will affect future states of the operational environment.
Determining performance shaping factors to assess human error in the emergency response team in chemical process industries: a case study
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Sajjad Farhadi, Iraj Mohammadfam, Omid Kalatpour, Fakhradin Ghasemi
Situation awareness is the ability to perceive, analyze and grasp essential information about an incident. In other words, it is defined as being aware of what is going on around oneself. Surveillance of important sources of information about existing occurrences and developing dangers is required for situational awareness [47,70]. Individual, situational and organizational variables are three types of factors determining situation awareness. The situation awareness is the major cause of certain kinds of unsafe worker behavior, and can act as a mediating factor in the link between predictive situational variables and HE [63, 64]. Sneddon et al.’s [80] research in an offshore sector indicated that a significant percentage of incidents were due to a lack of situational awareness. Likewise, the 2009 Montara explosion and oil spill investigation in Australia revealed a lack of cognitive awareness. Also, according to Mahdinia et al.’s study [64], situational awareness is an important factor in the incidence of HE and is a sharp-end causal factor in industrial workplaces. Therefore, it can be concluded that this PSF should be considered for HRA of ERT members, as well.
The mediating effect of workers’ situation awareness on the relationship between work-related factors and human error: a path analysis approach
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
Mohsen Mahdinia, Iraj Mohammadfam, Mostafa Mirzaei Aliabadi, Hamed Aghaei, Ali Reza Soltanian, Ahmad Soltanzadeh
According to the most well-known definition, situation awareness is the acquisition of information from the existing elements in the workplace in a specific time and space, the comprehension of meaning and concept of information, and the prediction of conditions in the near future [9,10]. In other words, situation awareness includes the constant collection of the information of a dynamic environment or system, the combination of such information with previous knowledge and experience to form a comprehensive mental image and, finally, using such an image to comprehend and predict events happening in the upcoming future [11]. In a situation awareness mechanism, there is a unified image of the situation in which a person stands completely in line with the image already formed in their mind; such an already-formed image is related to an act or decision and is affected by many factors [12].
Work-related factors, cognitive skills, unsafe behavior and safety incident involvement among emergency medical services crew members: relationships and indirect effects
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
The quality of EMS crew members’ skills can also play a role in the context of safety, and this article focuses on the cognitive skills of situation awareness and cognitive flexibility. Situation awareness as a non-technical cognitive skill is defined using three elements: perceiving cues and information in the surrounding environment; comprehending their meaning; and projecting their status in the near future [24,25]. All three elements require attention and memory [26]. Scores in situation awareness and other non-technical skills tend to worsen in a fatigued, rather than rested, state [27] and in experiencing external stressors during cardiopulmonary resuscitation [28]. There is also evidence that the overall performance (specific medical actions and generic non-technical aspects) during simulated critical situations was impaired by acute stress in paramedics [29]. Moreover, poor situation awareness is related to unsafe behavior in offshore crews [16,30], and is one of the contributors to safety incidents in hospital and prehospital emergency care [31,32]. In light of these studies, the proposed hypotheses are as follows: situation awareness is negatively related to stress (H6), fatigue (H7), unsafe behavior (H8) and safety incident involvement (H9).