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Domain VI: Professional Growth and Responsibility
Published in Nicole M. Augustine, Prevention Specialist Exam Study Guide, 2023
The concept of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is a theory that suggests that as humans' basic needs are met, they become more motivated to achieve higher levels of motivation. Also known as the Hierarchy of Needs Theory, this model was first proposed by American psychologist, Abraham Maslow, in his 1943 paper ‘A Theory of Human Motivation' and further developed in his 1954 book ‘Motivation and Personality.' According to the theory, human motivations can be classified into five categories or hierarchical level:Safety – focus on survival, food, shelter, water, clothing, and the need for physical and psychological safety.Belongingness and love – seeking connection, affiliation, and acceptance from others.Respect and esteem – focus on developing competence, approval, and recognition.Cognitive – developing a quest for knowledge, understanding, purpose, and an appreciation for goodness, justice, beauty, order, and symmetry.Self-actualization – finding self-fulfillment and recognition of personal potential.
Loneliness and social pain
Published in Stephen Buetow, From Loneliness to Solitude in Person-centred Health Care, 2023
As a distinctive and distressing psychological experience,1 loneliness is most commonly attributed to unmet social needs, such as attachment. Persons are assumed to feel lonely when consciously or unconsciously, their actual or perceived level of social contact is lower than the level they desire.2–4 This discrepancy arises because their social relationships are insufficient in number, type, or quality.5–7 To fix this social dislocation and garner social acceptance,6,7 society spurs them to cultivate new social relationships and strengthen existing ones. Assuming persons can only achieve self-fulfillment in society, this strategy increases access to social resources, such as social support, to buffer or reverse loneliness.
Emotional Wellness and Stress Resilience
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Elizabeth R. Click, Alyssa Vela
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is also relevant to this discussion given the connection between basic life resources as precursors to developing strong psychological and emotional wellness (Mathes, 1981). When basic biological and physiological needs (e.g. eating, cleansing, water, sleep, etc.) are not met in a person’s life, those deficiencies may impact the ability and motivation of that person to grow and develop in other more advanced stages (e.g. safety, self-esteem, belonging, cognitive, and self-actualization). This means that those individuals lacking fundamental daily life resources may be predisposed to experiencing greater threats to emotional wellness, and possibly less stress resilience, than those who have those basic life needs fulfilled. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs serves as a strong example of the importance of basic, psychological, and self-fulfillment needs in achieving holistic well-being.
Older women’s perspectives on leisure commitment for coping with chronic illnesses
Published in Health Care for Women International, 2020
Based on the interviews, it was discovered that a unique social world was established among the participants. They often shared the difficulties they endured and cared for one another inside and outside the community center. The friends they had made through FAB appeared to be the most important benefit. Some participants would depend more on their friends from FAB than on their spouses or other family members. These findings associated with personal and social benefits are congruent with the benefits that have been documented in previous studies (Brown et al., 2008; Heo & Lee, 2007; Kim et al., 2014; Siegenthaler & O'Dell, 2003). Consistent with the benefits documented in the literature (e.g. Heo et al., 2012), our study participants cited various individual benefits, such as enjoyment, self-fulfillment, and feelings of accomplishment.
Uncovering Naturalistic Rewards and their Subjective Value in Forensic Psychiatric Patients
Published in International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 2018
Johanna C. Glimmerveen, Inti A. Brazil, B. H. (Erik) Bulten, Joseph H. R. Maes
However, it could be argued that criminal activity is often focused on immediate gratification of materialistic desires (e.g., Petry, 2002), or relates to an inability to control inappropriate emotional and sexual impulses (Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990; Pratt & Cullen, 2000). From that perspective, one could expect that more hedonic rewards would hold higher values in forensic populations, as a hedonistic lifestyle focused on short-term immediate rewards has often contributed to the criminal careers of these individuals. In addition, long-term goals relating to the pursuit of self-fulfillment are often lacking in a large portion of offenders (Pratt & Cullen, 2000), especially in offenders with more severe antisocial tendencies and psychopathy (Hare, 2003; Wiebe, 2003). However, our data show that, at least in these samples, individuals in forensic populations still prefer the achievement of personal growth or development over short-term materialistic rewards.
‘Professional Inefficacy is the Exact Opposite of the Passionate Social Worker’: Discursive Analysis of Neoliberalism within the Writing on Self-care in Social Work
Published in Journal of Progressive Human Services, 2021
Brown reminds us that ”… neoliberalism is neither singular nor constant in its discursive formulations and material practices. This recognition exceeds the idea that a clumsy or inept name is draped over a busy multiplicity; rather, neoliberalism as economic policy, modality of governance, and order of reason is at once a global phenomenon, yet inconstant, impure …” (p. 48). This rhetorical formation – a warning about the far-reaching power of this discourse and yet an acknowledgment of its susceptibility to resistance, echoes Foucault. Foucault’s notion of governmentality is the nucleus of the analytic lens needed to think critically about much of the writing on self-care. Foucault’s focus upon neoliberal governmentality refers to the way in which people were taught to govern themselves through the development of industrialization through to later capitalism, thus shifting power from a state, institution, or central authority and distributing it across a population. Neoliberal governmentality allowed the state to ‘outsource the well-being of the population’ such that individuals become responsible for their health, their behavior, their security, and their overall wellbeing. Governmentality is self-policing and a form of self-regulation. It is a dynamic, embodied, and daily experience in a post-sovereign state. In “Inventing our selves: Power, psychology and personhood,” Rose (1998) argues that it’s the inner psychology of this self-regulation that strives for “self-realization, self-esteem, and self-fulfillment in everyday life” (p. 3). The neoliberal self strives to be more and do better. It strives to master the many forms of self-regulation brought into being and sustained through practices and discourses.