China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Integrative Synchronization Mechanisms and Models in the Cognitive Neurosciences
Published in Harald Maurer, Cognitive Science, 2021
This comes close to the "Feature Integration Theory (FIT) of (Visual) Attention" proposed by the British-American psychologist, Anne M. Treisman (see chap. 4.3 [2]). This model states that the necessary binding between the different neuronal impulses is brought about by (visual) attention (though she herself is rather sceptical about the BBS Hypothesis) (Treisman 1996, 1999).
Rehabilitation and management of visual dysfunction following traumatic brain injury
Published in Mark J. Ashley, David A. Hovda, Traumatic Brain Injury, 2017
It has been suggested that, visually, we construct perceptual objects via a two-step process.165 First, preattentive data-driven filtering produces shapes and registers their features as in reception. Then, focal attention is used to select a spatial location and integrate the features registered there into a perceptual object. This is analogous to figure–ground organization and should be concept-driven processing rather than data- or sensation-driven. Evidence arguing for this feature integration theory comes from the way that stabilized retinal images fade feature by feature rather than in small random parts. Principles at work during the second integration stage may be the Gestalt principles of proximity, good continuation, similarity, closure, and pragnanz (i.e., simplicity, regularity, or symmetry) or local versus global processing. In addition to integrating visual features, object perception includes cross-modality integration (i.e., integrating auditory, tactile, and olfactory sensations with visual information to complete the perceptual object). Spatial orientation, both the ability to process the orientation of external objects (extrapersonal orientation) and the ability to process the orientation of ourselves with regard to other objects (personal orientation), is discussed here because the treatment modalities are generally more similar to those used with object perception than other spatial dysfunctions. Personal orientation may be supported by the frontal lobe (particularly in the left hemisphere); extrapersonal orientation may be supported by the dorsal “where” pathway, particularly the right posterior parietal area.
Influence of visual clutter on the effect of navigated safety inspection: a case study on elevator installation
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2019
Pin-Chao Liao, Xinlu Sun, Mei Liu, Yu-Nien Shih
Megaw [33] established a more detailed model, dividing the visual search process into four stages: search, detect, judgment and output decision. In these four stages, an observer first scans the image, then detects an object as a probable target and, after judging whether the detected object is the task target, gives an answer of yes or no. Similarly, Nodine and Kundel [34] proposed a three-stage model indicating that the visual search process is composed of glancing, scanning and decision-making stages. The glancing and scanning stages together elucidate the search stage in the first model. What these two stages demonstrate is similar to the content of the feature integration theory introduced later.
Efficiency improvement by navigated safety inspection involving visual clutter based on the random search model
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2020
Xinlu Sun, Heap-Yih Chong, Pin-Chao Liao
Navigated inspection can significantly improve risk detection efficiency for high and medium clutter scenes, compared with normal inspection. On the other hand, for low clutter scenes, the performance of normal inspection was relatively good, and its improvement brought about by navigation was quite limited. This can be explained using the framework of the feature integration theory.