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Emerging roles of community health practitioners
Published in Ben Y.F. Fong, Martin C.S. Wong, The Routledge Handbook of Public Health and the Community, 2021
One of the tasks of community health practitioners is to enhance community participation (participatory public health) – a prerequisite for shaping a community which is conducive to health. According to the WHO, people have a right and duty to participate individually and collectively in the planning and implementation of their health care (WHO, n.d.b). Community health care is provided at a cost that the community members and the government can afford, bearing in mind the cost of secondary and tertiary health care is much more expansive as shown in Hong Kong in the above discussion. It is the first level of contact of individuals, the family and community with the national health system bringing health care as close as possible to where people reside and work and constitutes the first elements of a continuing health care process (WHO, n.d.b).
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Published in Viyaasan Mahalingasivam, Marc A Gladman, Manoj Ramachandran, Secrets of Success: Getting into Medical School, 2020
Veena Naganathar, Asil Tahir, Pairaw Kader, Omar Chehab
Members of Parliament pass reforms based on their perception of the problems of the NHS and the needs of the population. These are then turned into targets or guidance by the Department of Health and distributed to the health authorities. The strategic health authorities (SHAs) plan the health care for the regions, which are then provided by the primary care trusts (PCTs) and the secondary health-care trusts. PCTs provide community services such as GPs, dentists, district nurses and pharmacies. Secondary health-care trusts provide hospital-based specialist services. Special health authorities are in charge of national health initiatives such as NICE and the National Blood Service.
Institutions in the dock and alternatives to the criminal process
Published in Mélinée Kazarian, Criminalising Medical Malpractice, 2020
In the NHS, a distinction is drawn between institutions which commission care and institutions which provide care. These institutions are at different levels of the decision-making process in the health service and face different levels of risk. Institutions providing care confront a higher and more immediate risk to patient safety than those which commission care, because providers are in direct contact with patients. Clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) are responsible for commissioning secondary care, such as hospital care, and have control over the vast majority of NHS expenditures. Secondary care is generally provided by NHS Trusts or Foundation Trusts and other institutions, including private sector organisations.
Physiotherapists´ experiences with older adults´ rehabilitation trajectory after hip fracture: A qualitative study in Western Norway
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
Heidi Borgund Hordvik, Ingrid Hjohlman Reed, Susanne Tenden, Graziella Van den Bergh
In Norway, the welfare state is responsible for providing health care to the population (Dahl et al., 2012), and physiotherapy is a statutory service (Norwegian Government, 2020). Services are provided at two main levels. Primary health care is provided at the municipal level, while specialist health care is provided in hospitals and specialist centers, at the secondary and tertiary level. Primary health care is mainly financed by the municipality, with additional governmental funding, while specialist health care is financed by the Norwegian health authorities (Romøren, Torjesen, and Landmark, 2011). The increased need for long-term care services, with lengthening queues, called for a more efficient use of resources, and the government introduced the Coordination Reform in 2012, with the goal to offer adequate treatment, “At the Right Place and Right Time” (Norwegian Ministry of Health and Care Services, 2009). The reform thus gave larger responsibility to the municipalities for meeting the growing demand for primary health care services whereof rehabilitation and long-term care.
MATERNAL SATISFACTION TOWARDS SPINAL ANAESTHESIA FOR CAESAREAN SECTION
Published in Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2022
M Babajide Adegboye, I Kayode Kolawole, K. Adewale Adegboye, C Iyabo Oyewopo, O Oyewole Oladosu
The study was a prospective observational study carried out by the department of Anaesthesia University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) on women who underwent cesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia. The University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) is located in Ilorin metropolis, which is the capital of Kwara State in the north-central region of Nigeria. The hospital provides primary, secondary, and tertiary health services to the population. It also serves as a major referral centre for all areas in Kwara state and parts of the neighbouring states of Kogi, Ekiti, Osun, Oyo, and Niger. Institution ethical approval was obtained (ERC/2019/ 05/1508), and the study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments
Investigation of factors affecting efficiency of primary healthcare in Turkey with two-stage data envelopment analysis
Published in International Journal of Healthcare Management, 2022
As primary healthcare is an essential component of healthcare systems [9], the level of efficiency needs to be examined. Since the primary healthcare include treatment services as well as health protection and promotion, have lower unit costs when compared with the secondary and tertiary healthcare services and are more accessible services, they have a crucial status among the healthcare systems. Therefore, the primary healthcare should be prioritized in the distribution of healthcare sector resources of countries; the utilized resources in this domain should be evaluated whether they are used in the desired efficiency and effectiveness levels, and the factors affecting the efficiency should be addressed accordingly. As there are a number of ways to do so, the data envelopment analysis was conducted for this study; the technical efficiency of primary healthcare in Turkey between the years of 2012 and 2014 were reflected at the level of provinces, and the factors with an effect on the efficiency scores were analyzed.