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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Published in Jason Liebowitz, Philip Seo, David Hellmann, Michael Zeide, Clinical Innovation in Rheumatology, 2023
Vaneet K. Sandhu, Neha V. Chiruvolu, Daniel J. Wallace
Other novel therapeutic strategies under study include JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors (i.e., baricitinib, upadacitinib, tofacitinib), targeting plasmacytoid dendritic cells, inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin, cerebron modulation (with iberdomide), low-dose IL-2 therapy, targeting mitochondrial dysfunction, SLAMF1 inhibition, and CAR-T cell-based therapy. These are only some of the therapeutic avenues that we hope will someday pave the way to improved SLE outcomes.
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate interferes with T-follicular helper cell differentiation and cytokine secretion through signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member-1
Published in Journal of Immunotoxicology, 2019
Yu Han, Xiaoying Wang, Xiaoxiao Pang, Mangze Hu, Ying Lu, Jianhua Qu, Gang Chen
Like most T-cells, Tfh cells can respond to stimulation through various receptors (Webb and Linterman 2017). The signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family of receptors belong to a CD2 subgroup of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily, with a series of SLAM isoforms exhibiting diverse cellular distributions and functional properties. Among the isoforms, SLAM family member-1 (SLAMF1, CD150) is the prototype that is constitutively expressed on the surface of T-and B-cells, dendritic cells, monocytes-macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and NK-T cells (van Driel et al. 2016; Wu and Veillette 2016; Dragovich and Mor 2018). SLAMF1 possesses one or more copies of an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM) in its cytoplasmic tail, through which it recruits Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing signal transduction molecules like SLAM-associated protein (SAP, encoded by gene Sh2d1a) to initiate downstream signaling cascades (Vilar et al. 2011; Romero et al. 2014). Thus, SLAMF1 may play an important role in regulating co-stimulatory signals, immunological synapse formation, cytokines synthesis, high-affinity antibody production, and other key properties in immune cells (Yusuf et al. 2010; Zhao et al. 2012; Zhong and Veillette 2013a, 2013b).