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The S100A7/8/9 Proteins: Novel Biomarker and Therapeutic Targets for Solid Tumor Stroma
Published in Surinder K. Batra, Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Gene Regulation and Therapeutics for Cancer, 2021
Sanjay Mishra, Dinesh Ahirwar, Mohd W. Nasser, Ramesh K. Ganju
The deregulated expression of S100A7 has been reported in several tumors of epithelial origins but little is known about its expression in melanocyte-derived tumors of neuroectodermal origin. Petersson et al. have analyzed the differential expression of S100 proteins by using SAGE Genie informatics [28]. In this study, they have not found any significant changes in differential expression of S100A4, S100A7, S100A8, S100A9 and S100A11 in melanocytes and melanocytic lesions. But, one study reported by another group has identified the increased level of S100A7 in the urine of patients with melanoma (77%, 24 out of 31) as compared to healthy subjects (41%, seven out of 17) and patients with different types of cancer (53%, 39 out of 73) [29]. But, till date no study has been reported about its role in metastasis and angiogenesis in melanoma.
Angiogenesis and Roles of Adhesion Molecules in Psoriatic Disease
Published in Siba P. Raychaudhuri, Smriti K. Raychaudhuri, Debasis Bagchi, Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis, 2017
Asmita Hazra, Saptarshi Mandal
S100 proteins are involved in angiogenesis and modulate MMPs, TGFβ, FGF, VEGF, and so forth. The S100 proteins that are classically known to affect angiogenesis are S100A4, A7, A10, and A13, of which A7 is mainly increased in psoriatic epidermis and A4 is present in neutrophils. S100A4 dimerized with annexin 2, which enhances plasmin-mediated angiogenesis; also, it transcriptionally activates MMP13 and synergizes with VEGF for HUVEC migration via the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) receptor. S100A10 is also angiogenic in vivo. S100A13 affects angiogenesis through release of FGF1.
Artificial Neural Approach to Analysing the Prognostic Significance of DNA Ploidy and Cell Cycle Distribution of Breast Cancer Aspirate Cells
Published in Raouf N.G. Naguib, Gajanan V. Sherbet, Artificial Neural Networks in Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Patient Management, 2001
DNA aneuploidy might be a consequence of cells entering the S-phase prematurely. The close association between aneuploidy and the size of the S-phase fraction (SPF) seems to suggest this. According to Wenger et al. aneuploidy tumours show a virtual doubling of the S-phase fraction [8]. However, Sherbet and Lakshmi found that DNA ploidy was totally unrelated to SPF. DNA ploidy is also associated with the expression of genes encoding growth factor and hormone receptor genes. Also the expression of cell proliferation-related genes such as p53 and metastasis-related genes such as the S100A4 has been found to correlate with DNA ploidy. Hence some credence should be given to the association of DNA ploidy with SPF [13]. The size of the S-phase fraction, together with DNA ploidy and other prognostic markers, generally appears to serve as a powerful predictor of early relapse, albeit with reservations as to its significance in certain tumour types [14].
S100A4 promotes hepatocellular carcinogenesis by intensifying fibrosis-associated cancer cell stemness
Published in OncoImmunology, 2020
Yanan Li, Jun Wang, Kun Song, Shuangqing Liu, Huilei Zhang, Fei Wang, Chen Ni, Wenlong Zhai, Jialu Liang, Zhihai Qin, Jinhua Zhang
S100A4 is a member of the S100 calcium-binding protein family that was originally cloned as a fibroblast specific protein (FSP1).14 It was further identified as a molecule associated with tumor metastasis (metastasin, or mts-1) that acted by promoting the motility and invasion of tumor cells.15 Moreover, S100A4 interacts with p53, annexin II,16 receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE),17 heparan sulfate proteoglycans and cytoskeletal proteins, and these interactions have been shown to enhance apoptosis, cell motility and angiogenesis.18 Interestingly, a recent finding indicated that S100A4 cells constitute an inflammatory subpopulation of macrophages in the liver;19 however, the function of S100A4 in liver biology is still unclear.
A Purification Technique for Adipose-Derived Stromal Cell Cultures Leads to a More Regenerative Cell Population
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2019
Renee F. Conway, Kevin M. Okarski, John A. Szivek
Since fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells produce abundant FN1, cell-specific biomarkers for each of these cell types were evaluated. S100A4 is believed to be a fibroblast-specific biomarker.40 By evaluating S100A4 expression, we found that fibroblasts were present in TS and TR cell populations, but when compared to primarily-extracted cell populations, were reduced 1- to 2-fold only in TS populations. Vascular endothelial cell biomarkers and smooth muscle cell biomarkers were discussed above. Based on these data, TS populations contained an increased quantity of smooth muscle cells and vascular endothelial cells and a decreased quantity of fibroblasts.
Serum S100 calcium binding protein A4 (S100A4, metatasin) as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in epithelial ovarian cancer
Published in British Journal of Biomedical Science, 2018
Y Lv, Z Niu, X Guo, F Yuan, Y Liu
S100A4 is associated with both non-malignant and malignant human diseases. Several groups have reported a role of S100A4 in inflammation. S100A4 was also shown to be commonly overexpressed in cardiac hypertrophy. The expression of S100A4 in this model of tissue injury was linked to general elevated expression of cell growth-related proteins, leading to tissue remodelling during reconstitution of the myocardium. S100A4 has a profound impact in many types of solid cancers, where its upregulation causes tumour progression and metastasis formation. S100A4 expression levels in tumours are considered as a biomarker for the prognosis of both metachronous metastasis and survival of cancer patients [10,11].