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Endocrine tumors in pregnancy
Published in Nadia Barghouthi, Jessica Perini, Endocrine Diseases in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period, 2021
Immediately following evacuation, Rho (D) immunoglobulin should be administered for Rh-negative patients.1,8,9 This is not necessary if hysterectomy is performed.
Blood transfusion and rhesus disease
Published in Michael J. O’Dowd, The History of Medications for Women, 2020
The Rho (D) negative patient was known to be at risk and routine examination of her serum for anti-Rh antibodies was introduced based on a test perfected by Coombs, Mourant and Race (1945) of Cambridge University. They discovered a method for detecting the presence of weak and ‘incomplete’ Rh antibodies. The test, also known as the indirect globulin method, became the eponymous ‘Coombs test’. If antibodies were found in the maternal serum, a quantitative test was carried out to determine the titer of antibody. Many studies reported that the strength and changes in antibody Rh titers could be useful in determining how the pregnancy should be managed and whether preterm delivery could effect a satisfactory outcome for the fetus.
Therapeutics in pulmonary hypertension
Published in Anthony J. Hickey, Heidi M. Mansour, Inhalation Aerosols, 2019
Maria F. Acosta, Don Hayes, Jeffrey R. Fineman, Jason X.-J. Yuan, Stephen M. Black, Heidi M. Mansour
Rho-kinase inhibitors: The small GTPases such as RhoA and its target, the Rho-kinase, have significant effects in the prevention of vasoconstriction and in the remodeling of the vascular vessels (47). As explained above, PH is characterized by an imbalance in vasoconstriction-vasodilation. This imbalance is caused by the overproduction and underproduction of vasoconstrictors and vasodilators, respectively. Some vasoconstrictors involved in the development of PH also mediate the Rho/Rho kinase pathway, and hence there is a downregulation of the eNOS and an exacerbation in the pulmonary vascular remodeling. Inhibitors of the Rho-kinase pathway can also contribute as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and immunomodulatory agents for the treatment of PH (47). Some Rho-kinase inhibitors that are currently in trials include statins (simvastatin, pravastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin) and fasudil.
Molecular Targets of Curcumin and Its Therapeutic Potential for Ovarian Cancer
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Malihe Mohamadian, Afsane Bahrami, Maryam Moradi Binabaj, Fereshteh Asgharzadeh, Gordon A. Ferns
Curcumin has also been shown to induce apoptosis in human SKOV3 cells in a dose-dependent manner by activating the Rho A/Rho-kinase signal pathway (50). RhoA is a member of the Rho GTPases family and its downstream effectors are involved in the regulation of actin dynamics and different actin-associated cellular functions. Curcumin-induced apoptosis was reported in another investigation through an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Curcumin inhibits sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium transport ATPase (SERCA) activity (Ca2+ P-type ATPase) but has no effect on SERCA2 protein levels. Curcumin-induced cytosolic Ca2+ levels were reduced by the overexpression of SERCA2b. Curcumin-induced cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) (51) was also inhibited by overexpression of SERCA2b (28). PRAP is a family of proteins involved in several cellular processes such as DNA repair, genomic stability, and programmed cell death.
The mechanism of electroacupuncture for treating spinal cord injury rats by mediating Rho/Rho-associated kinase signaling pathway
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2021
En-si Hong, Hai-hua Yao, You-jiang Min, Jie Sun, Xuan Zhou, Xue-bo Zeng, Wan Yu
As shown in Figure 4(A–D), after treatment with EA, Y27632, or EA + Y27632, the RhoA protein expression at 7 days suggested a decreasing trend in each treatment group(P > 0.05). But the RhoA protein expression in each treatment group was significantly lower than in the SCI group at 14 days (P < 0.01 or <0.05). For ROCKII protein levels, all treatment groups (except 7D) showed decreases. Except for EA group at 7 days, the ROCKII protein expression in each treatment group were significantly lower than in the SCI group at 7 and 14 days (P < 0.01 or <0.05). The protein expression of RhoA and ROCKII showed no significant difference between 7 and 14 days in each group (P > 0.05). And for protein expression of RhoA and ROCKII, there was no significant difference among three treatment groups (P > 0.05).
Endostatin in fibrosis and as a potential candidate of anti-fibrotic therapy
Published in Drug Delivery, 2021
Zequn Zhang, Xi Liu, Zhaolong Shen, Jun Quan, Changwei Lin, Xiaorong Li, Gui Hu
The RhoA/ROCK pathway is closely associated with pathological fibrosis. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which play a pivotal role in liver fibrosis/sclerosis, are regulated by ROCK via multiple pathways, including p38 MAPKs, JNK, and ERK1/2 (Fukushima et al. 2005). Fasudil and Y27632 are selective ROCK inhibitors that suppress HSC proliferation and collagen synthesis in vitro (Tada et al. 2001; Fukushima et al. 2005). Fasudil ameliorates renal fibrosis in rats (Satoh et al. 2002; Han et al. 2020), while Y-27632 attenuates tubulointerstitial renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstructed mice (Nagatoya et al. 2002). Rho influences α-SMA production and TGF-β1-induced cytoskeleton remodeling during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Combined inhibition of ROCK and TGF-βRI reverses EMT (Masszi et al. 2003).