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Micronutrients in the Management of Prion Disease
Published in Kedar N. Prasad, Micronutrients in Health and Disease, 2019
Members of the peroxiredoxin class of enzymes are all antioxidants and peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) protects human neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-SH) against oxidative stress caused by H2O2, hydroperoxides, or peroxynitrite.82 In mice infected with prion disease, the overexpression of Prdx6 protects against oxidative damage, reduces severity of behavioral deficits, and diminishes progression of neuropathology. This increases the survival time in comparison to parallel treatment of mice with knockout of Prdx6.82
PRDX6 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and ferroptosis in periodontitis
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2022
Wen-Ying Yang, Xiang Meng, Yue-Rong Wang, Qing-Qing Wang, Xin He, Xiao-Yu Sun, Nan Cheng, Lei Zhang
PRDX6 contains single cysteine and mainly acts PL hydroperoxide GPx (PHGPx) activity, unlike other peroxiredoxins. It also has two additional catalytic sites, phospholipase A2 activity (PLA2) activity and LPC acyl transferase (LPCAT) activity [21,22]. Therefore, PRDX6 plays a paradoxical role in inflammatory and immune responses [23–25]. Furthermore, PRDX6 is regulated by the nuclear factor erythropoietin 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) transcription factor, a vital regulator of cellular oxidative stress [26,27]. The activated NRF2 can be transported to the nucleus and subsequently bind to antioxidant response element to improve the transcription of antioxidant genes [28,29]. The microarray results showed that PRDX6 was upregulated in periodontitis [30]. However, the detailed function of PRDX6 and NRF2 in LPS-induced periodontitis has not been explored intensively.
Proteomics applications in biomarker discovery and pathogenesis for abdominal aortic aneurysm
Published in Expert Review of Proteomics, 2021
Jianqiang Wu, Wei Wang, Zhaoran Chen, Fang Xu, Yuehong Zheng
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a transport platform of lipids and some plasma proteins. Researchers observed notable protein alterations in the HDL proteome in several cardiovascular diseases [41–44]. With the application of a labeling-based proteomic approach, Burillo et al. analyzed the HDL proteome in plasma samples of 14 AAA patients and 7 healthy controls [45]. This team identified elevated expression of peroxiredoxin-6 (PRDX6). Moreover, PRDX6 was further validated in a new cohort of 47 AAA patients and 27 controls, indicating the potential of PRDX6 as a biomarker of AAA. With a labeling proteomics approach, Henriksson et al. identified eight differentially expressed plasma proteins between AAA patients and controls [46]. Among these proteins, bleomycin hydrolase (BH) expression was downregulated in AAA, and this finding was confirmed by ELISAs in an expanded validation study. These results indicated a possible pathophysiological role of BH in AAA.
Potential of Müller Glia for Retina Neuroprotection
Published in Current Eye Research, 2020
Karen Eastlake, Joshua Luis, G Astrid Limb
Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) is a key regulator of the cellular redox balance that has the ability to neutralize peroxides, peroxynitrite, and phospholipid hydroperoxides with the use of electrons from thioredoxin.81 Among the six members of this peroxidase family, PRDX6 is highly expressed in mammalian Müller cells77 and is the only member that has both, peroxide and phospholipase A2 activity and its activity is dependent upon binding of phospholipids.82 Supplementation of PRDX6 has been shown to attenuate reactive oxygen species and TGFβ-induced insult to glaucomatous trabecular meshwork cells in vitro, as well as to decrease the senescence process in these cells.83 Moreover, the glaucomatous neuroprotective effects of this antioxidant factor have been demonstrated on RGC, as demonstrated by observations that reactive oxygen species-mediated suppression of PRDX6 in these cells can be prevented by over-expression of PRDX.684 Observations that high levels of PRDX6 are expressed by Müller glia further support the antioxidant role of these cells within the retina. Production of this molecule by Müller glia upon retinal injury may limit the damage caused by reactive oxygen species on retinal neurons and may play a major neuroprotective role in many retinal degenerative diseases such as glaucoma and macular degeneration. However, further studies are much needed to elucidate the neuroprotective role of PRDX6 during retinal disease.