China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and NO from Flax Intervention in Atherosclerosis and Chronic Systemic Inflammation
Published in Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton, Flaxseed, 2023
Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton
These benefits were not found with omega-6 or omega-9 fatty acids. This demonstrates that omega-3 fatty acids can modulate inflammatory gene expression. MCP-1 induces monocyte activation and attraction and both MCP-1 and PDGF are thought to promote atherosclerosis.
Chemopreventive Agents
Published in David E. Thurston, Ilona Pysz, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, 2021
Oleic acid, classified as a mono-unsaturated omega-9 fatty acid and known as (9Z)-9-octadecenoic acid, is found in various animal and vegetable fats and oils, and is designated with a lipid number of “18:1 cis-9” (Figure 12.38). It is the main mono-unsaturated fatty acid component of olive oil, and the term “oleic” means derived from (or related to), the oil of the olive. In its pure form, oleic acid is colorless and odorless, although commercial samples may be light yellow. It is a common mono-unsaturated fat in the human diet.Structure of (9Z)-9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid).
Fat
Published in Christopher Cumo, Ancestral Diets and Nutrition, 2020
Olive oil’s chief fat, oleic acid (C18H34O2), is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent thought to benefit the immune system, brain, heart, and skin. By volume, olive oil is 55–85 percent oleic acid.181 Chemists classify it a monounsaturated omega 9 fatty acid. Unlike polyunsaturated omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids, omega 9s are unessential because the body can manufacture them from other compounds. Unessential does not mean unimportant. Most of the body’s cells use more omega 9s than other fatty acids to construct membranes. Readers may recall from Chapter 2 and an earlier section that the brain is about 70 percent fat and so requires many omega 9 fatty acids. Oleic acid and other omega 9s may protect against type 2 diabetes.182 Research credits them with reducing triglycerides and cholesterol—Chapter 2 defines both—in blood.
Targeting stearoyl-coa desaturase enhances radiation induced ferroptosis and immunogenic cell death in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Published in OncoImmunology, 2022
Hui Luo, Xiaohui Wang, Shuai Song, Yunhan Wang, Qinfu Dan, Hong Ge
Recently, Jessalyn et al. revealed that oleic acid (OA) from lymph nodes contributed to reduced ferroptosis in tumor cells.18 OA is an omega-9 fatty acid that belongs to the monounsaturated fatty acids family.19 Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) has been described as a crucial endoplasmic reticulum enzyme responsible for converting saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid (PA) and stearic acid (SA)) to monounsaturated fatty acid (OA and palmitoleic acid (POA)).20,21 Impairment of lipid metabolism usually increases ferroptotic cell death.22 In several malignant tumors, SCD1 was necessary for maintain cell viability and stemness of cancer stem cells.23 Moreover, there were a few studies demonstrating the immunogenicity of ferroptosis in which dying tumor cells promoted the maturation of immune cells.24,25 Therefore, we hypothesized that upregulation of SCD1 was capable of altering monounsaturated fatty acid metabolism, representing an intrinsic cytoprotective mechanism against radiation-induced ferroptosis in tumor cells.
Clinician guidelines for the treatment of psychiatric disorders with nutraceuticals and phytoceuticals: The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) and Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) Taskforce
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2022
Jerome Sarris, Arun Ravindran, Lakshmi N. Yatham, Wolfgang Marx, Julia J. Rucklidge, Roger S. McIntyre, Shahin Akhondzadeh, Francesco Benedetti, Constanza Caneo, Holger Cramer, Lachlan Cribb, Michael de Manincor, Olivia Dean, Andrea Camaz Deslandes, Marlene P. Freeman, Bangalore Gangadhar, Brian H. Harvey, Siegfried Kasper, James Lake, Adrian Lopresti, Lin Lu, Najwa-Joelle Metri, David Mischoulon, Chee H. Ng, Daisuke Nishi, Roja Rahimi, Soraya Seedat, Justin Sinclair, Kuan-Pin Su, Zhang-Jin Zhang, Michael Berk
In the treatment of anxiety disorders, adjunctive or monotherapy ashwagandha and lavender were provisionally recommended, while adjunctive NAC and monotherapy galphimia were weakly recommended. In the case of adjunctive or monotherapy chamomile, there was mixed data. Monotherapy use of kava in GAD showed no efficacy and thereby cannot be recommended for this specific application. In the treatment of psychotic disorders, adjunctive NAC, and methylfolate were provisionally recommended for negative symptoms in schizophrenia, while adjunctive vitamin D or ginkgo were weakly recommended. Adjunctive and monotherapy omega-3 fatty acids showed no efficacy in schizophrenia and thereby cannot be recommended for this condition. Weak support however existed for omega-3 in bipolar depression (while NAC was not currently recommended for use in this application). In the treatment of ADHD, monotherapy micronutrients and adjunctive or monotherapy vitamin D were weakly recommended, while there was mixed data in the case of adjunctive or monotherapy omega-3 fatty acids, zinc, and ginkgo. Adjunctive or monotherapy omega-9 fatty acids and ALC showed no efficacy and thereby cannot be recommended in ADHD.
Influence of omega fatty acids on skin permeation of a coenzyme Q10 nanoemulsion cream formulation: characterization, in silico and ex vivo determination
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2019
Kylie Ang She Tou, Khurram Rehman, Wan Maznah Wan Ishak, Mohd Hanif Zulfakar
Edible oils such as olive, linseed, and evening primrose oil are composed of various fatty acids such as α-linolenic acid (ALA, omega-3), linoleic acid (LA, omega-6), and oleic acid (OA, omega-9) were used in the study. Fatty acids are well recognized as drug permeation enhancer for delivery across skin [17], and functions also as endogenous compounds in human skin lipids, including SC. Thus, fatty acids can be utilized as adjuvant to exert the enhancement effects [11,18]. ALA is a polyunsaturated n-3 (omega-3) fatty acid and could be found in linseed oil. It has properties that can help in the repair of skin cells by improving the skin tensile strength and augmentation of collagen content [19]. LA is an unsaturated omega-6 fatty acid found in abundance in evening primrose oil. LA has also been documented as being a dermal penetration enhancer that can significantly increase the permeation of drugs across skin [20]. OA is a non-essential monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid and a primary component of olive oil. OA is reported to have skin nourishing properties, ability to moisturize the skin, and compared to the other fatty acids is more widely used as a penetration enhancer [20,21]. The aim of this study was to prepare a stable nanoemulsion cream carrier system for CoQ10 as an active ingredient utilizing different sources of omega fatty acids from edible oil. The formulations were characterized, and the delivery of CoQ10 from these vehicles investigated across the skin to determine whether the presence of fatty acids in nanoemulsion formulations would result in improved delivery.