China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Wild Plants as a Treasure of Natural Healers
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Wild Plants, 2020
Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane Mendes Feitosa
Traditional or indigenous or folk medicine encompasses medical aspects of indigenous knowledge established over generations within various societies (WHO 2008, Carvalho 2011). In some Asian and African countries, up to 80% of the population relies on traditional medicine for their primary health care needs (WHO 2008, 2013). Traditional medicine is often the measured practice of alternative medicine. Traditional medicines comprise traditional European medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Korean medicine, traditional African medicine, Ayurveda, Siddha medicine, Unani, ancient Iranian Medicine, Iranian (Persian), Islamic medicine, Muti, and Ifá. Ethnobotany, ethnomedicine, ethnobiology, herbalism, and medical anthropology are some scientific disciplines that study traditional medicine (WHO 2008, 2013, www.en.wikipedia.org).
Ethnopharmacological Properties of Some Threatened Medicinal Plants
Published in Jayanta Kumar Patra, Gitishree Das, Sanjeet Kumar, Hrudayanath Thatoi, Ethnopharmacology and Biodiversity of Medicinal Plants, 2019
Sanjeet Kumar, Padma Mahanti, Gitishree Das, Jayanta Kumar Patra
The methodological frameworks for the ethnobotanical study were as per the standard techniques of exploration and germplasm collection (Christian, Brigitte, 2004), qualitative and quantitative ethnobiological approaches in the field, interviews, elicitation methods, data collection and further authentication (Cotton, 1996). Intensive and extensive field surveys were done in different landscapes and micro-ecological niches across forest types, adjoining valleys, homesteads, kitchen gardens, farmlands, fallow lands, etc. The field surveys including weekly markets (Haat) of the study area were undertaken by the authors during different seasons of the study periods. The standard participatory rural appraisal method (Gerique, 2006) was adopted for sampling and data collection to incorporate indigenous knowledge. Opinions of tribal people were taken regarding the uses of experimental plant species through questionnaires. Primary data collection were made mainly through semi-structured questionnaires (Passport Data Form) focusing on local name(s), collecting season(s), present knowledge on use(s), mode of use(s), part(s) of the plant used, degree of wildness, economic values, change in collecting pattern over time, possible threats and potential of the experimental plants. A clear expression of consent was obtained from the informants before the interview elaborating the aim of the study as per the guidelines and code of ethics of the International Society of Ethnobiology (ISE, 2006).
African Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medical Knowledge
Published in Charles Wambebe, African Indigenous Medical Knowledge and Human Health, 2018
Gerard Bodeker, Emma Weisbord, Drissa Diallo, Robert Byamukama, Yahaya Sekagya, Charlotte I.E.A. van't Klooster
What is clear from the examples presented in this chapter is that the way forward in combining research, development, and ethics in the development of African medicinal plants and herbal medicines is to develop an inclusive R&D framework, with full engagement at all stages by THPs. This needs to be guided by a values system that seeks not to offer the bare minimum in benefits to customary owners and maximum profits to the developers. Rather, as stated by the International Society for Ethnobiology (ISE) in their Ethical Guidelines (Box 3.1): “It involves an approach of working collaboratively, in ways that support community driven development of indigenous people's cultures and acknowledge indigenous cultural and intellectual property rights. Central to this is an approach characterized by what ISE terms ‘mindfulness’—that is, a continual willingness to evaluate one's own understandings, actions, and responsibilities” (ISE, 2006).
Traditional Use of Banisteriopsis caapi Alone and Its Application in a Context of Drug Addiction Therapy
Published in Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 2021
Matteo Politi, Fabio Friso, Gary Saucedo, Jaime Torres
Participant observation and semi-structured interviews were conducted in July 2019 in the district of Santa Maria de Nieva, department of Amazonas, Peru, with 4 Awajún indigenous informants following the standard guideline for ethnobotanical fieldwork research as indicated in the Code of Ethics by the International Society of Ethnobiology (ISE) (2006). The informant consent (oral) with regard to the contents and purpose of the research was obtained. The selected informants include an indigenous leader and a tsuwájatin. The preparation of purgahuasca by the tsuwájatin for a group of young Awajún as part of their initiation process was also observed. All interviews were recorded with an audio instrument, transcribed and analyzed.
Traditional medicines and their common uses in central region of Syria: Hama and Homs – an ethnomedicinal survey
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2021
Chadi Khatib, Abdulhakim Nattouf, Mohamad Isam Hasan Agha
The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Damascus. Before beginning data collection, we obtained verbal informed permission in each case site-wide and then individually before each interview. We also informed informants that it was an academic project and that the investigation was for research purposes only, and not for any financial or other benefits. Informants provided verbal informed consent to participate in this study; they were free to withdraw their information at any time. These informants freely accepted the interview. All steps of research are consistent with Ethnobiology Code of Ethics (ISE 2006).