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Habitual Abortion
Published in E. Nigel Harris, Thomas Exner, Graham R. V. Hughes, Ronald A. Asherson, Phospholipid-Binding Antibodies, 2020
Dwight D. Pridham, Christine L. Cook
Alpha globulin is very important in hemoglobin formation, as it is common to all normal hemoglobins except for several early embryonic types. Normal genomes contain four loci for this gene, two each on two homologous chromosomes. In mice, homozygosity for deletion of both loci is lethal during embryonic development. In humans, homozygosity for alpha thalassemia 1 (both alpha globulin loci inactive on the same chromosome) leads to fetal hydrops and death.48
The Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome
Published in Roger M. Browne, Investigative Pathology of the Odontogenic Cysts, 2019
Julia A. Woolgar, J. W. Rippin
In 1976, Rayner et al.17 reported low levels of alpha-globulins in syndrome patients, the main constituents of which are alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-globulin), and haptoglobin and alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2-globulin). However, Gundlach and Kiehn39 reported normal levels of alpha-globulin, and Lindeberg et al.7 normal levels of the various constituents. Lindeberg et al.7 also found a number of immunological measures to be normal in syndrome patients.
Primary Hyperfibrino(Geno)Lytic Syndromes
Published in Genesio Murano, Rodger L. Bick, Basic Concepts of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, 2019
Rodger L. Bick, Genesio Murano
As the disease becomes terminal, there may also be decreased synthesis of Factors V and VIII. Early in the clinical course, these two factors may actually be elevated. The synthesis of prekallikrein is also decreased; however, the clinical significance of this defect remains unclear. Patients with chronic liver disease of any etiology usually demonstrate significantly decreased levels of AT-III. The pathophysiology of this remains unclear, as this may represent either a true decreased synthesis or synthesis of a dysfunctional AT-III molecule.18, 19 Some patients may have normal or high AT-III levels, since this alpha-2-globulin, like fibrinogen, may behave as an acute-phase reactant. The clinical significance of this finding remains unclear with respect to developing hypercoagulability or thrombosis.
A case report of recurrent Well’s syndrome masquerading as cellulitis
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2021
Anum Qureshi, Jasmine Manley, Tristan Flack, Mark H. Lowitt
Two weeks after completing glucocorticoid therapy, she returned to the emergency department with complaints of severe back pain as well as recurrent cellulitis (lower extremities, groin, and perianal) with lower extremity edema. Significant laboratory findings included eosinophilia (11%). ANA, immunoglobulin panels, inflammatory markers, chemistries, and flow cytometry were normal. Serum protein electrophoresis revealed an elevated alpha-2 globulin fraction, but no monoclonality. She was again treated with parenteral then oral corticosteroids. Back pain was attributed to a musculoskeletal cause. Hematology and rheumatology consultants found no underlying abnormalities that could be associated with Well’s syndrome. Prednisone was again tapered over weeks, and she declined additional possible steroid sparing agents. She was free of active disease for fivemonths. Five months, later she had trauma to the left arm that led to severe arm redness, bruising and skin tear [Figure 4(a)] that initially healed, but later, she developed severe pain, redness at the site of injury (Figure 4(b)) and her symptoms were similar to the previous WS flare; she was treated with steroid and symptoms improved significantly and successfully tapered off steroids in fourweeks.
Amyloid cardiomyopathy: a hidden heart failure cause that is often misdiagnosed
Published in Acta Clinica Belgica, 2018
Yale Tung-Chen, Miguel-Ángel Arnau
During the following days, laboratory results came up, showing ESR 9 mm/h [normal: 1–7], CRP 4 mg/dL [0–5], TSH 1.346 mU/L [0.4–4.0], D-dimer 242 ng/mL [<500], NT pro-BNP 2617 pg/mL [<400]. Serum protein electrophoresis (albumin 3.70 g/dL [3.3–5.7], alpha-1 globulin 0.23 [0.1–0.4], alpha-2 globulin 0.49 g/dL [0.3–0.9], beta globulin 1.4 g/dL [0.7–1.5], gamma globulin 1.5 g/dL [0.5–1.4]), serum immunofixation, Immunoglobulins (IgA 214 mg/dL [70–400], IgM 79 mg/dL [40–230], IgG 1,200 mg/dL [700–1,600]), and free light chain assay (Kappa 20.8 mg/L [3.3–19.4], Lambda 23.1 mg/L [5.7–26.3], ratio 0.90 [0.26–1.65]) were unremarkable. No proteinuria, urinary free light chain excretion, and immunofixation were detected. The rest of laboratory tests were normal.
The intestinal microbiota and metabolites in patients with anorexia nervosa
Published in Gut Microbes, 2021
Petra Prochazkova, Radka Roubalova, Jiri Dvorak, Jakub Kreisinger, Martin Hill, Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova, Petra Tomasova, Helena Pelantova, Martina Cermakova, Marek Kuzma, Josef Bulant, Martin Bilej, Kvido Smitka, Alena Lambertova, Petra Holanova, Hana Papezova
The basic parameters of all studied groups (control, AN1, AN2) are summarized (Table 1). Patients with AN (AN1) differed from healthy women significantly in body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and waistline and hipline circumference. Further, they had significantly decreased levels of total protein, alpha 1 globulin, beta globulin, gamma globulin, IgG, IgM, cholinesterase, and fT4. Conversely, they exhibited increased levels of albumin percentage (not albumin concentration) and IL-17 (Table 1). The alteration of these biochemical blood parameters is related to malnutrition and protein deficiency from food.