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Nutritional and Dietary Supplementation during Pregnancy
Published in “Bert” Bertis Britt Little, Drugs and Pregnancy, 2022
Agents such as prochlorperazine, promethazine, chlorpromazine, and thiethylperazine may be associated with extrapyramidal side effects, manifested as dystonia, torticollis, and oculogyric crisis. If extrapyramidal effects occur, the unusual syndrome of adverse effects can be treated with diphenhydramine (Benadryl). Importantly, chlorpromazine may be associated with significant hypotension when given intravenously. Therefore, suppositories are the preferred route of administration.
Nausea/Vomiting of Pregnancy and Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Published in Vincenzo Berghella, Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
Other phenothiazines have been studied in the setting of NVP although they are not commonly used and their safety is not established. Thiethylperazine demonstrated improved symptoms compared to placebo, and fluphenzine-pyridoxine was not statistically significantly better than placebo in another [1, 104, 105].
Antiemetics and Cancer Chemotherapy
Published in John Kucharczyk, David J. Stewart, Alan D. Miller, Nausea and Vomiting: Recent Research and Clinical Advances, 2017
Initial trials in the early 1960s using phenothiazines as antiemetics led to a study of Moertel et al.6 of prochlorperazine, thiethylperazine, and thiopropazate in 5-FU-induced emesis. This was a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial involving 300 patients with advanced cancer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Patients were randomized to placebo, prochlorperazine 5 mg t.i.d., thiopropazate 10 mg t.i.d., pipamazine 10 mg t.i.d., cinnarizine 10 mg t.i.d., or trimethoben-zamide 20 mg t.i.d., all given orally. The results of this study showed that patients receiving prochlorperazine or thiopropazate had better control of nausea and vomiting than those receiving placebo. The remaining drugs were no more effective than placebo. Trial patients also expressed a preference for thiopropazate and prochlorperazine over placebo. In 1973 Moertel et al.23 completed a controlled double-blind trial that compared prochlorperazine and metopimazine to placebo in patients receiving 5-FU by rapid i.v. infusion. The antiemetics used were metopimazine 10 mg t.i.d. p.o. or prochlorperazine 5 mg t.i.d. p.o. In both arms of the study, patients preferred metopimazine and prochlorperazine to placebo.
Interventions for treating nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: a network meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized clinical trials
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2018
Kannan Sridharan, Gowri Sivaramakrishnan
The protocol of this review was registered with PROSPERO with the registration number CRD42017072184. We searched PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Google Scholar for eligible articles with the following search strategy: (((((morning sickness [tiab] OR nausea [tiab] OR vomiting [tiab] OR hyperemesis [tiab] OR pregnancy [tiab] OR pregnant [tiab] OR Hyperemesis Gravidarum/diet therapy[Mesh] OR Hyperemesis Gravidarum/drug therapy[Mesh])) AND (acupuncture [tiab] OR acupressure [tiab] OR debendox [tiab] OR diclectin [tiab] OR doxinate [tiab] OR dimenhydrinate [tiab] OR peppermint [tiab] OR almond [tiab] OR bendectin [tiab] OR cardamom [tiab] OR diclegis [tiab] OR psychotherapy [tiab] OR lavender [tiab] OR prochlorperazine [tiab] OR dicyclomine [tiab] OR acustimulation [tiab] OR thiethylperazine [tiab] OR mint oil [tiab] OR fluphenazine [tiab] OR chamomile [tiab] OR lemon [tiab] OR hypnosis [tiab] OR trance induction [tiab] OR diazepam [tiab] OR benzodiazepines [tiab] OR phenothiazines [tiab] OR alternative medicine [tiab] ORhydroxyzine [tiab] OR complementary [tiab] OR ginger [tiab] OR garlic [tiab] OR doxylamine [tiab] OR corticosteroids [tiab] OR prednisol* [tiab] OR hydrocort* [tiab] OR ACTH [tiab] OR adrenocorticotrophic hormone [tiab] OR promethazine [tiab] OR anti histamines [tiab] OR antihistamines [tiab] OR anti-histamines [tiab] OR metoclopramide [tiab] OR pyridoxine [tiab] OR vitamin B6 [tiab] OR ondansetron [tiab] OR anti emetic[tiab] OR anti-emetic [tiab] OR antiemetic[tiab] OR dopamine antagonist [tiab] OR serotonergic receptor antagonist [tiab] OR serotonin antagonist [tiab])) AND (randomized [tiab] OR randomised [tiab] OR RCT [tiab] OR clinical trial [tiab]))) NOT review [pt]. No limit was placed with respect to language and studies carried out from 1980 until 2017 were included in the present review. We also hand-searched for appropriate studies from the references listed in the eligible articles.