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Africa
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Human biomedical research, medical innovations and information technologies in healthcare †
Published in Gary Chan Kok Yew, Health Law and Medical Ethics in Singapore, 2020
As a final note, telepharmacy and tele-pharmaceutical care services in Singapore allow access to medicines, remote medication review, patient counselling and education, pharmacist consults, and medication adherence monitoring.120
Pharmacy Informatics and Automation
Published in William N. Kelly, Pharmacy, 2018
Pharmacy has now started down the road of telepharmacy,28 which includes the dispensing of medications and information and the provision of pharmaceutical care to patients from a distance.29 Some community pharmacies, especially some chain store pharmacies, are starting to use the computer to accept orders for prescription refills and to send prescription refill reminders to patients.30 Hospital pharmacies are using it for remote perfection of orders entered via CPOE and, more recently, remote dispensing, either through dispensing technology or through remote pharmacist checking, where permitted by state law.
Promotion of telehealth in community care
Published in Ben Y.F. Fong, Martin C.S. Wong, The Routledge Handbook of Public Health and the Community, 2021
The utilisation of information technology is playing an increasing role in medical consultations by providing comprehensive and precise data, as in diagnostic imaging, to support better medical decision. Application of information technology in health care can facilitate the improvement of quality and effectiveness of care. Telehealth, or telemedicine, is the use of information and communication technology to deliver health care and exchange of health-related information between patients and health care professionals through electronic communications over both long and short distances (Gogia, 2019; Zanaboni & Wootton, 2012). The use of telecommunication tools such as telephones, smartphones, mobile wireless devices and video conferencing software are fundamental to the adoption of telehealth (Dorsey & Topol, 2016). Telehealth is generally considered as more or less synonymous with telemedicine, but the former is a broader concept that covers telemedicine, telenursing and telepharmacy (Weinstein et al., 2014). Telemedicine is the use of information and communication technology to remotely deliver clinical care through electronic communications, such as teleconsultation and telediagnosis (Gogia, 2019). Health prevention and medical education remotely delivered by health care professional to the public are related to telehealth. The applications of telehealth can lead to cost and time saving. Patients do not need to travel for a long time from their living place to the medical centres for medical consultations. In addition, some studies have found that the use of telehealth is more cost-effective than conventional care with budget saving from reduction of bed-days-of-care and urgent hospital visits (Haesum et al., 2012; Noel et al., 2004).
Defining and enhancing collaboration between community pharmacists and primary care providers to improve medication safety
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2022
Annesha White, Kimberly G. Fulda, Rachel Blythe, Michelle A. Chui, Emily Reeve, Richard Young, Anna Espinoza, Noah Hendrix, Yan Xiao
Other emerging areas include telemedicine, stewardship, transitions to care, and deprescribing. Telemedicine, specifically telepharmacy, has become an emerging service that has taken off during the pandemic [21]. Telepharmacy provides remote prescription verification and live video counseling to patients. Telemedicine and telepharmacy provide new ways for patients and their health-care team to communicate and share information electronically. The community pharmacist could have a potential role in advocating for stewardship programsfor example, antibiotic stewardships [45]. Transitions in care (such as from hospital to home) are high-risk points in care where medication errors are common. The involvement of the community pharmacist in transitions of care has demonstrated positive outcomes [12], and it may also facilitate more collaboration with the patient’s PCP. Deprescribing is challenging [47] but studies have demonstrated the values of collaboration between primary care physicians and community pharmacists, such as through a pharmacist-led intervention whereby direct education was given to patients, and a ”pharmaceutical opinion” was sent to primary care physicians [48]. Providing community pharmacists with access to informations such as prescribing indications and relevant laboratory test results may improve their abilities to make deprescribing recommendations [49]. Many of the barriers and strategies for collaboration in our review have been echoed in discussions about how to achieve collaboration in deprescribing [50]. The increasing demand for stronger collaboration between community pharmacists and PCPs will continue to progress with increasing demand for patient-centered care and safer care. Professionals will be challenged to ensure that they are working as a team to provide quality care to achieve the best possible patient health outcomes.