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Natural Medicines
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Pulok K. Mukherjee, Natural Medicines, 2019
Ashok Vaidya, Hiteshi Dhami-Shah, Shobha Udipi
Semecarpus anacardium (Bhallataka) is traditionally given with milk in Ayurveda. When toxicity studies were carried out in animals there was mortality that was nullified when the plant was co-administered with milk. Similarly, in the traditional Chinese formulation, Dichroa febrifuga was always administered with other plants such as Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ziziphus jujuba and Zingiber officinale (Rasoanaivo et al. 2011). This was forgotten in clinical trials for malaria. There was good efficacy, but tolerability of the plant was considered unacceptable with a high incidence of the side effects nausea and vomiting. The additional plants effectively controlled such side effects. Such examples emerge time and again when dietary supplements are borrowed from other systems without any knowledge of the precise modes and limitations of their original drug use. The side effects of Ephedra and Piper methysticum (kava) led to their ban (National Institutes of Health 2004; FAO and WHO 2010). There are also risks of litigation when one nation’s drug is sold as a DS in another nation.
Restorative Effect of Semecarpus Anacardium on Altered Energy Metabolism in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus–Induced Cardiac Dysfunction in Rats
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2020
Suganthi Subramani, Haseena Banu Hedyathullah Khan, Shanthi Palanivelu, Sachidanandam Thiruvaiyaru Panchanadham
Semecarpus anacardium (SA), commonly known as bhallataka, has been used in various pathologies in Indian systems of medicine (Kritikar and Basu 1993). Jeediflavanone, galluflavanone, nalluflavanone, semecarpetin, and anacardiflavanone have been identified as chief constituents present in the drug (Murthy 1992). HPLC and HPTLC analysis of the nut and milk extract carried out with the drug confirm the presence of said compounds (Aravind et al. 2008). Several pharmacological properties such as antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory (Khan et al. 2011; Khan et al. 2013; Khan et al. 2012), and nephroprotective effects have been attributed to the nut extract (Khan et al. 2014). Studies have also established the anticancer potency of SA by its immunomodulatory potency and by the prevention of enhanced lipid peroxidation (Khan et al. 2011; Khan et al. 2013). Further, in our previous study, SA has been reported for its antihyperlipidemic and anti-inflammatory properties (Suganthi et al. 2014) in diabetes-induced cardiovascular dysfunction in rats, and the results were in agreement with histopathological results as well. Hence, the aim of this study is to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of the drug in restoring the altered energy metabolism in cardiac tissue of type 2 diabetic rats. The effect of the drug was compared with that of standard drug also.