China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Abies Spectabilis (D. Don) G. Don (Syn. A. Webbiana Lindl.) Family: Coniferae
Published in L.D. Kapoor, Handbook of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants, 2017
Chemical constituents — Krishnamurthy and Seshadri694 isolated a bitter and a nonbitter constituent from leaves, called phyllanthum and hypophyllanthum, which were later identified as lignans by Row et al.695 The hexane extract of leaves yielded three additional lignans, viz., niranthin, nirtetralin. and phyltetralin.696 The aerial parts of the plant yielded two alkaloids: 4-methoxy-securinine (phylanthine) and 4-methoxy-norsecurinine.697 The roots yielded two new glycoflavones and lupa-20(29)-ene-3-β-ol and its acetate.698 Another new compound, viz., lintetraline, was also isolated by Ward et al.699
Handbook of Phytochemical Constituents of GRAS Herbs and Other Economic Plants
Published in James A. Duke, Handbook of Phytochemical Constituents of GRAS Herbs and Other Economic Plants, 2017
“Seed on the Leaf’BREVIFOLIN-CARBOXYLIC-ACID PL CPB37:2531HYPOPHYLLANTHINE PL HHBLINTETRALIN PL MPILUPA-20(29)-ENE-3-BETA-OL RT MPILUPA-20(29)-ENE-3-BETA-OL-ACETATE RT MPI4-METHOXY-NORSECURININE PL MPI4-METHOXY-SECURININE PL MPINIRANTHIN LF MPINIRTETRALIN LF MPIPHYLLANTHIN LF MPIPHYLTETRALIN LF MPIQUERCETIN PL JFMQUERCETIN-HETEROSIDE PL HHBQUERCITRIN PL CPB37:25313,5,7-TRIHYDROXYFLAVONAL-4′-0-ALPHA-L-(-)-RHAMNOPYRANOSIDE RT MPI5,3′,4′-TRIHYDROXYFLAVONONE-7–0-ALPHA-L-(-)-RHAMNOPYRANOSIDE RT MPI Hopelessly confused with P. amarus and P. fratemus
Therapeutic interventions for spinal muscular atrophy: preclinical and early clinical development opportunities
Published in Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 2021
Laurent Servais, Giovanni Baranello, Mariacristina Scoto, Aurore Daron, Maryam Oskoui
Securinine has been shown to promote SMN2 exon 7 inclusion and to increase full-length SMN2 mRNA and SMN protein expression in SMA patient-derived lymphoid cell lines [41]. Securinine impacts on protein levels of certain splicing factors. For example, it downregulates hnRNP A1 and upregulates Tra2-β1. Chen et al. found that in an SMA mouse model, securinine administered through intraperitoneal injection caused an increase in SMN2 exon 7 inclusion and SMN protein expression in both brain and spinal cord. Securinine is an herbal medicine product extracted from Securinega suffruticosa that has been shown to act as a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor antagonist. However, its effect on the splicing of SMN2 pre-mRNA does not appear to be mediated through its GABA receptor antagonist function.
Securinine Induces Differentiation of Human Promyelocytic Leukemic HL-60 Cells through JNK-Mediated Signaling Pathway
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Jeetesh Sharma, Ankita Pandey, Sapna Sharma, Aparna Dixit
Plant-derived compounds and other natural products contribute approximately 60% of the 140 anticancer drugs approved since 1940 (7, 8). Compared to synthetic chemicals, natural products exhibit better absorption and metabolism with minimum toxicity in the body (9). Securinine is the most abundant securinega alkaloid present in plants of the Euphorbiaceae family (10). It was first isolated in 1956 from the roots and leaves of Securinega suffructicosa, a shrub commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine (11). Since then, a wide range of pharmacological properties of securinine has been studied. Securinine showed protective effects in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (12), poliomyelitis (13), and chronic aplastic anemia (14). It was later characterized as an active GABA receptor antagonist owing to its profound effects on neurological disorders (15). Its other biological activities include antimalarial (16), antibacterial (17), cytotoxic (18), etc. The anticancer potential of securinine was first demonstrated in HL-60 cells by Dong et al (19). Its anti-proliferative and apoptotic potential was then demonstrated in a variety of cancer cells of different origin, including human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), human erythroleukemic cells (K-562), A549 lung cancer cells, and androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC) DU145 cells (20). In colon cancer cells (HCT-116), it’s cytotoxic and apoptotic effect has been attributed to the regulation of p73 expression (21). While earlier studies showed that securinine caused cell death in HL-60 cells, it was later established that securinine differentiated HL-60 cells to monocytic lineage, arrested cell growth, and activated p21, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, thereby inhibiting AML cell proliferation and subsequently leading the cells to cell death (22). The same study also demonstrated the anti-leukemic potential of securinine In Vivo using mice xenograft model (22). However, the precise molecular mechanism(s) that regulate securinine induced differentiation are yet to be understood.