China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Additional Supplements That Support Glycemic Control and Reduce Chronic Inflammation
Published in Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton, Type 2 Diabetes, 2018
Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton
Biotin is also known as vitamin B7. The combination of chromium picolinate and biotin may synergize to form a more effective supplement, supporting the reduction of insulin resistance. In a clinical study on diabetes patients, published in the journal Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, patients with poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes (HbA1c greater, or equal to 7.0%) received either 600 μg of chromium picolinate Cr(+3) with 3 mg of biotin, per day, or matching placebo for 90 days, in combination with stable oral antidiabetic agents. Major endpoints were reduction in HbA1c, FBG, and lipids.
Weight loss supplements: general
Published in Linda M. Castell, Samantha J. Stear (Nottingham), Louise M. Burke, Nutritional Supplements in Sport, Exercise and Health, 2015
L-carnitine is synthesised from the amino acids lysine and methionine and is found naturally in the human diet, particularly in red meat and dairy products. It has been suggested that L-carnitine supplementation can increase fatty acid transport into mitochondria, leading to an increase in fatty acid oxidation and hence the proposed potential benefit for weight management, but further investigation is required (Broad et al., 2005; Rogers et al., 2009). Chromium picolinate, a complex of trivalent chromium (a trace mineral) and picolinic acid, which is better absorbed than dietary chromium, has been heavily marketed for both muscle building and fat loss, but the overwhelming majority of the data does not support these purported benefits (see section on chromium picolinate). Furthermore, it has been shown that chromium picolinate supplementation coupled with a training programme does not enhance body composition or performance variables beyond improvements seen with training alone (Clancy et al., 1994; Trent and Thieding-Cancel, 1995; Walker et al., 1998).
Potential of Diet and Dietary Supplementation to Ameliorate the Chronic Clinical Perturbations of Metabolic Syndrome
Published in Stephen T. Sinatra, Mark C. Houston, Nutritional and Integrative Strategies in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2015
Harry G. Preuss, Dallas Clouatre
Martin et al. examined subjects with T2D who had received glipizide and placebo for a three month run-in period.243 For another six months, 12 continued with the sulfonylurea and placebo regimen, whereas 17 were given 1000 mcg of chromium picolinate in addition to glipizide. Relative to the placebo group, subjects in the chromium group showed significant improvements in insulin sensitivity and glucose control. At the same time, this group displayed less body-weight gain and visceral fat accumulation.
Investigational drugs for the treatment of binge eating disorder (BED): an update
Published in Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 2019
Jose C. Appolinario, Antonio E. Nardi, Susan L. McElroy
Chromium treatment has been reported to be associated with improvements in mood, appetite, and glucose regulation in various psychiatric [109] and medical patient populations [110]. It was hypothesized that Chromium enhances insulin and may also acts on serotonergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission [111]. Insulin exerts an important role on central control of food intake and energy homeostasis, and serotonin and dopamine are involved in the regulation of some proposed pathophysiological pathways of BED. Chromium picolinate was investigated in a small randomized placebo-controlled trial where 24 overweight participants with BED (NCT00904306) were enrolled to receive either 1000 mcg chromium/day (‘high dose’; n = 8) or 600 mcg chromium/day (‘moderate dose’; n = 9) as chromium picolinate or placebo (n = 7). The authors reported that fasting glucose was significantly reduced in both chromium groups compared to the placebo [112]. A numerically, but not significantly, greater reductions in binge frequency, weight, and symptoms of depression were observed in those treated with chromium versus placebo; however, it was considered that the study was underpowered to detect these changes.
Protective Effect of Leaf Ethanolic Extract Etlingera hemisphaerica Blume Against Mercuric Chloride Toxicity in Blood of Mice
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2019
Aceng Ruyani, Rendi Zulni Eka Putri, Pauzi Jundara, Efri Gresinta, Irwandi Ansori, Agus Sundaryono
Imunos was used in this research as a positive control for LE3H treatment. The ingredients of Imunos are Echinacea purpurea, zinc picolinate, selenium, and ascorbic acid. Echinacea purpurea extract plays an important role in the protection against toxicity (Rezaie et al., 2013). Zinc picolinate is zinc complex with picolinic acid, which can be used to increase zinc absorption in humans (Barrie et al., 1987) for supporting optimal metabolism. Selenium is an essential micronutrient in mammals, but is also recognized as toxic in excess. It exerts its biological functions through selenoproteins. Most selenoproteins, whose functions are known, are involved in redox systems and signaling pathways (Kurokawa and Berry, 2013). The results of verification through phytochemical test showed that tannins, flavonoids, and terpenoids could be detected in Imunos (Table 2). From these facts, it can be stated that LE3H and Imunos have the same two compounds: flavonoids and tannins. Therefore, the protective effect of LE3H is derived from the antioxidant activity of flavonoids (Pietta, 2000) and iron chelation activity of tannins (Ghate et al., 2015). Previous experiments demonstrated the interaction between selenium and methylmercury and, according to the facts, selenium can be applied as chelation therapy for acute mercury poisoning (Watanabe, 2002).
Efficacy of combination therapy of inositols, antioxidants and vitamins in obese and non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an observational study
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2020
Kamal Advani, Madhulika Batra, Sangeeta Tajpuriya, Rajani Gupta, Alka Saraswat, Hemant D. Nagar, Laljee Makwana, Sarika Kshirsagar, Pushpa Kaul, Asim Kumar Ghosh, Sandhya Pradhan, Ami Mehta, Anil Jaiswal, Kartik T. Nakhate, Sandesh Kamdi
Deficiency of vitamin D has been observed in 67–85% of women with PCOS (Thomson et al. 2012). Hypovitaminosis D is linked with metabolic disorders like obesity (Wehr et al. 2009). Indeed, the association between obesity, hypovitaminosis D and PCOS cohorts has been well-established (Hahn et al. 2006; Wehr et al. 2009; Yildizhan et al. 2009). Vitamin D not only plays an antioxidant role (Wiseman 1993), but also increases insulin sensitivity and decreases androgen levels in PCOS with hypovitaminosis D (Karadag et al. 2018). Similarly, supplementation of chromium picolinate increases insulin sensitivity and reduces fasting blood glucose levels in women with PCOS (Amooee et al. 2013). Male-pattern hair loss is often seen in women with PCOS, which is associated with the deficiency of biotin (Trueb 2016). Therefore, supplementation of biotin can improve the PCOS-associated alopecia. Moreover, in combination with chromium picolinate, biotin improves glucose metabolism in obese diabetic patients (Albarracin et al. 2008). Foetus in obese woman with PCOS, remains at high risk of neural tube defect (Rasmussen et al. 2008; Melo et al. 2015), which can be significantly reduced by use of folic acid (Cavalli and Copp 2002). Moreover, folic acid supplementation facilitates oocyte maturation (Huang et al. 2013), which is already shown to be of poor quality in PCOS. Thus, folic acid plays a crucial role in the improvement of oocyte as well as embryo quality, which helps in increasing the fertilisation and implantation rate respectively. We suggest that nutrients like chromium picolinate, biotin, vitamin D and folic acid work by other mechanisms and help in achieving positive results in PCOS patients.