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Granulation and Production Approaches of Orally Disintegrating Tablets
Published in Dilip M. Parikh, Handbook of Pharmaceutical Granulation Technology, 2021
Tansel Comoglu, Fatemeh Bahadori
Different kinds of dosage forms have been formulated such as tablets, capsules, suspensions, and injections in the pharmaceutical area. In recent years, there have been increased requirements for more patient-friendly and compliant pharmaceutical formulations. Therefore, the requirements for developing new technologies in the pharmaceutical area are increasing every year. Considering these requirements, ODTs have been developed by the pharmaceutical industry [5,10–12]. They are new types of dosage forms that mediate the advantages of both solid and liquid types of drug formulations such as ease of use and stability. Requirements for ODTs have been explained here below, in terms of factors related to patients, efficacy, and manufacturing factors [13].
The “Four P’s”
Published in Mickey C. Smith, E.M. (Mick) Kolassa, Walter Steven Pray, Government, Big Pharma, and the People, 2020
Mickey C. Smith, E.M. (Mick) Kolassa, Walter Steven Pray
Most attention in discussion of Drug research and development is given to the chemists and pharmacologists. It should be noted that other areas of science also play a pivotal role. “Pharmaceutics”, which is the study of issues such as those briefly described, is a doctoral level of study in a number of schools of pharmacy. Quantitative analysis is a specialty area essential to Generic Drug products especially over-the-counters (OTCs) where the patient expects the Listerine “wannabe” to look, taste, and smell like its brand name counterpart. Animal biologists, too, play an essential role in preclinical trials even to the point of cultivating transgenic or “knockout mice” (25). Our library offers a 400-page Book entitled, Mouse Ear Models and Their Pharmacologic Applications!
Delivery of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Using Nanoparticles
Published in Hala Gali-Muhtasib, Racha Chouaib, Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Treatment, 2020
Abdullah Shaito, Houssein Hajj Hassan
Variable drug delivery systems (DDSs) were developed in the past 50 years. However, in recent years, researchers in the pharmaceutical industry are focusing on better targeted, safe, controlled, and efficient delivery systems. Most of the drugs used with recent DDSs consist mainly of protein and/or DNA-based drugs. These drugs are characterized by their ability to release their bioactive ingredients or active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) at the right time and site in safe concentrations (to control toxicity), which makes traditional drug delivery methods ineffective. Some of the recent delivery systems also allow for the control of drug release, which decreases drug cytotoxicity and immune reaction [58–61].
Experimental design, formulation, and in-vivo evaluation of novel anticoagulant Rivaroxaban loaded cubosomes in rats model
Published in Journal of Liposome Research, 2023
Hadeer A. El-Hashemy, Abeer Salama, Amira Rashad
When it comes to systemic drug delivery from pharmaceutical products, the oral route is the most often used method of administration. Due to its simplicity in administration, patient acceptability, and economical production procedure, the oral route is regarded as the most practical and secure method (Reddy and Himavarsha 2018, Allen et al.2006). The typical oral dose may have negative effects on the plasma drug concentrations. Variations in the metabolism and/or absorption may result in changes in the drug’s plasma concentration. Additionally, a non-steady state of drug concentration may occur with repeated dosing (Gaur et al.2014). The vesicular systems offer a controlled delivery strategy and extend the drug’s duration in the bloodstream. Nanovesicles made of lipids improve medication absorption where the drug release profiles are noticeably altered when such drug is dissolved, confined, encapsulated, or linked to a nanoparticle matrix. The vesicular systems provide a controlled drug delivery process and prolong the residence time of the drug in general circulation (Pouton and Porter 2008). One of the nanovesicles drug delivery devices that will be examined in this work is the cubosome (El-Laithy et al.2018).
S-Carboxymethyl-l -cysteine: a multiple dosing study using pharmacokinetic modelling
Published in Xenobiotica, 2021
Glyn B. Steventon, Stephen C. Mitchell
This is a concern not only for the drug examined in the present paper but for other drugs in general where details of interaction are being sought. Many compounds will have a multitude of influences within the biochemistry of an organism, but the challenging task is to tease out from the crowd those instances that underlie the particular mechanism or mechanisms of action that relate to the therapeutic activity observed in the clinical arena. The results of the present reappraisal highlight the limitations of undertaking in vitro pharmacodynamic investigations in the absence of clinically relevant pharmacokinetic data. An amalgamation of these two perceived separate divisions in pharmacology (the effect of drug on the body and the effect of the body on the drug) is vital as their interplay provides essential information and is a crucial determinant dictating the mechanistic understanding and subsequent therapeutic efficacy of a pharmaceutical agent.
Is a personalized pharmacotherapeutic approach closed for acute coronary syndrome?
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2021
Udaya S. Tantry, Amit Rout, Kevin P. Bliden, Paul A. Gurbel
Improvement in reperfusion and pharmacotherapy strategies for the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) had led to a decline in mortality and morbidity; despite this ACS is still associated with substantial residual risk, including recurrent ischemic events and long-term bleeding [1]. Optimal medical therapy in ACS patients includes dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor, together with high-dose statins, and if appropriate beta-blockers, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors. However, this evidence-based optimal therapy is often underused, probably due to underestimating the risk and treatment benefits in these patients [2–4]. The role of personalized medicine is increasingly recognized by the clinician, health systems, and pharmaceutical industries to improve net clinical outcome. The latter approach includes optimal identification of the risk factors, emphasizing age, gender, race/ethnicity, and the biomarkers (soluble, genetic, and functional) to optimize treatment modalities and duration to achieve maximum clinical benefits which include reducing recurrent ischemic risk and avoiding bleeding risk [5]. This article is focused on the recent evidence on the personalized antiplatelet therapy approach in ACS patients.