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Anti-Hyperglycemic Property Of Medicinal Plants
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Karanpreet Singh Bhatia, Arpita Roy, Navneeta Bhardavaj
Momordica charantia, with common name bitter gourd, is a member of Cucurbitaceae family and grown in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean for its edible fruit. It is a tropical and subtropical vine and has been used as an herbal medicine in Asian and African countries from a long time. Triterpene, protein, steroid, alkaloids, lipids, and phenolic compounds present in bitter gourd are responsible for its anti-diabetic potential (Saeed et al., 2010). M. charantia has been shown to possess anti-hyperglycemic and anti-oxidant activity in AI hyperglycemic rats. Treatment of diabetic rats for 30 days with aqueous extract of bitter gourd and seed powder of T. foenum-graecum showed significant reduction in FBG level (p<0.001) (Tripathi et al., 2010). Ahmed et al. (2004) have investigated role of bitter gourd which showed improved insulin secretion in STZ-I hyperglycemic rats. They confirmed the secretion of insulin through beta cells after administration of bitter gourd orally by using immunohistochemical methods (Ahmed et al., 2004). Potential of bitter gourd as an anti-hyperglycemic agent in type 1 Diabetes male Wister rats was investigated using plasmatic cytokine quantification. It was shown that by decreasing high blood glucose, bitter gourd juice prompted a favorable phenotypic shift from proinflammatory Th1 towards an anti-inflammatory Th2 status in T1D rats as it consists of anti-oxidant components in its juice (Fachinan et al., 2017).
Inflammatory Biomarkers: An Important Tool for Herbal Drug Discovery
Published in Mahfoozur Rahman, Sarwar Beg, Mazin A. Zamzami, Hani Choudhry, Aftab Ahmad, Khalid S. Alharbi, Biomarkers as Targeted Herbal Drug Discovery, 2022
Mahfoozur Rahman, Ankit Sahoo, Mohammad Atif, Sarwar Beg
Momordica charantia is used as an antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic agent in both India and other Asian countries. Extract of the pulp of fruits, seed, leaves, and entire plants were shown in various animal models as having a hypoglycemic activity. Polypeptide p, isolated from fruits and tissue ofM charantia, has a significant hypoglycemic impact on langurs and humans when administered subcutaneously (Shibib et al., 1993). Ethanolic extract ofM charantia (200 mg/kg) had an anti-hypoglycemic and hypoglycemic impact in ordinary diabetic rats and STZ rats. This can be due to inhibition of glucose-6-phosphatase in the liver and stimulation of hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities in addition to fructose-1,6-biphosphatase (Vats et al., 2002).
Perspectives of Nature-Oriented Pharmacotherapeutics for the Effectual Management of Hemorrhoidal Symptoms
Published in Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Cristóbal Noé Aguilar, A. K. Haghi, Applied Pharmaceutical Practice and Nutraceuticals, 2021
Taranpreet Kaur Bamrah, Mojabir Hussen Ansari, Debarshi Kar Mahapatra
Momordica charantia (bitter melon or bitter gourd) is a flowering vine belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae. The juice of fresh leaves of bitter melon is very useful in treating bleeding hemorrhoids. Three teaspoons of this leaf juice along with a glass of buttermilk is to be taken every morning for treating hemorrhoidal conditions. The paste of the roots of the bitter gourd plant can also be applied over the hemorrhoids for beneficial results.
Chemical compositions of Commiphora opobalsamum stem bark to alleviate liver complications in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats: Role of oxidative stress and DNA damage
Published in Biomarkers, 2022
Mai M. Farid, Asmaa F. Aboul Naser, Maha M. Salem, Yomna R. Ahmed, Mahmoud Emam, Manal A. Hamed
Regarding to the histopathological analysis, diabetic rats showed severe congestion and haemorrhage of the central vein as well as the portal blood vessels, a marked edema, and marked hepatocytes degeneration. Francés et al. (2010) postulated the occurrence of typical features of apoptosis, such as cellular shrinking with cytoplasmic acidophilia, condensation, margination of the chromatin, inflammatory foci and necrosis in the diabetic rats’ liver. Treatment with the plant extract improved the histopathological features of the liver due to the presence of flavonoids, fatty, organic, and phenolic acids contents that exert antioxidant effects and scavenge the elaborated free radicals as results of diabetes. These explain the antidiabetic activity of C. opobalsamum in the present study. These results are in agreement with the reported study of Momordica charantia L. that exhibited the anti-diabetic effect for their chemical components as phenolic acids, flavonoids, fatty acids, terpenoid glycosides, saponins, and volatile oils (Dandawate et al. 2016). In addition, the polyphenol derivatives of caffeic and quinic acids, quercetin and its glycosides, apigenin glycosides, and luteolin glycosides of Pilea microphylla L. fraction inhibited DPPH activity in vitro and ameliorated the beta cells architecture in STZ-induced mice (Bansal et al. 2012). These results also may confirm the crucial role of the identified phenolics and their glycosides in our results.
Anticancer Activity and Molecular Mechanism of Momordica cochinchinensis Seed Extract in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Zhengdong Ai, Chong Ma, Ruiming Wan, Jingyi Yin, Guiming Li, Yan Li, Li Chen
Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng, which belongs to the melon family (Cucurbitaceae), is a kind of fruit and consumed for dietary as well as medicinal uses. Momordica cochinchinensis seed is the dried ripe seed of Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng. Momordica cochinchinensis seed is used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of freckles, pyoderma, sebaceous, nodular cervical lymphadenitis, hemorrhoids, boils, mastitis, hemangioma, etc. In addition, Momordica cochinchinensis seed has immune stimulating, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects (9, 10). Due to its anticancer activity, Momordica cochinchinensis seed has been widely used to treat various cancers in Chinese Mongolian tribes (11). Phytochemical studies have found that Momordica cochinchinensis seed contains 5-dehydrokarounidiol, beta-sitosterol, ehletianol C, clavatustide C, karounidiol, viscumamide, ligballinone, 3-diol, 7-oxodihydrokarounidiol, tanegool, isokarounidiol, lupeol, stigmast-7-en-3beta-ol, laxanol, chushizisin F, alpha-spinasterol-3-O-beta-Dglucoside, etc. (12, 13). The anticancer effects of Momordica cochinchinensis seed extract have been reported in various cancer types, including melanoma (14), breast cancer (15), gastric cancer (16), and lung cancer (17). Moreover, the anticancer activity of MCSE (Momordica cochinchinensis seed extract) and its mechanism of action remain to be further investigated (14–17). In addition, to our knowledge, the anticancer effect and mechanism of MCSE in CML cells have not been reported.
Optimization and development of antidiabetic phytosomes by the Box–Behnken design
Published in Journal of Liposome Research, 2018
Momordica balsamina L. (Cucurbitaceae), a vegetable used as food has also been widely used in traditional medicine, particularly for the treatment of fever and malaria in Mozambique and South Africa (Clarkson et al., 2004). Hutchings et al. (1996) reported that the Zulu use infusions of this plant for stomach, intestinal complaints and diabetes. The plant contains resins, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, terpenes, cardiac glycoside, saponins having various medicinal importance viz. anti-HIV, anti-plasmodial, shigellocidal, antidiarrheal, antibacterial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, analgesic and hepato-protective properties.