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The effect of soy on menopausal symptoms 40
Published in Barry G. Wren, Progress in the Management of the Menopause, 2020
Estrogenic activity in plants has been documented in the scientific literature for over 70 years1, 2, including more than half of the species of plants used as food by human populations over the millennia3. In some situations, certain plants have traditional uses probably as a result of their estrogenic properties. For example Pueraria Mirifica, a woody vine native to Thailand, has been used as a rejuvenant and an aphrodisiac over the centuries; its active principle, miroestrol, has a potency three times that of diethylstilbestrol4. Ginseng is used by Chinese herbalists to treat hot flushes5 and has been associated with mastalgia6 and changes in vaginal cytology in postmenopausal women; a crude methanolic extract has been shown to compete with estradiol for binding to human myometrial cytosol receptors7.
Handbook of Phytochemical Constituents of GRAS Herbs and Other Economic Plants
Published in James A. Duke, Handbook of Phytochemical Constituents of GRAS Herbs and Other Economic Plants, 2017
“Chinese Kudzu”ACETYLCHOLINE RT CCOALLANTOIN RT CCOARSENIC 0.26 RT CAL 1/CALCIUM 5,330–8,300 RT CAL SMOCOPPER 12–13 RT CAL SMODAIDZEIN RT CCODAIDZIN RT CCOFORMONONETIN RT CCOGENISTEIN RT CCOIRON 50–68 RT CAL SMOKAKKONEIN RT CCOMAGNESIUM 1,470–3,690 RT CAL SMOMANGANESE 3–5 RT CAL SMOD-MANNITOL RT CCOMERCURY 0.04 RT CALMIROESTROL RT CCOPOTASSIUM 7,370–11,200 RT CAL SMOPUERARIN RT CCOPUERARIN-7-XYLOSIDE RT CCOPUERAROL RT CCOSODIUM 57–70 RT CAL SMOSTARCH 100,000–150,000 RT CCOSUCCINIC-ACID RT CCOZINC 21–30 RT CAL SMO 1/This species was mentioned first in CCO
Permeation, stability and acute dermal irritation of miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol from Pueraria candollei var. mirifica crude extract loaded transdermal gels
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2021
Napaphak Jaipakdee, Kanokwan Jarukamjorn, Waraporn Putalun, Ekapol Limpongsa
Miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol are potent phytoestrogens found in PM (Chansakaow et al. 2000; Yusakul et al. 2013). Unfortunately, these chromenes might not have the appropriate aqueous solubility for transdermal delivery due to their hydrophobicity. Enhancing the solubility of active ingredients in the formulation using semipolar solvents as cosolvent is one of the key strategies to improve the transdermal delivery performance. In order to select the suitable cosolvent in PM transdermal gels, the solubilities of both miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol in various pharmaceutical liquids were determined. As presented in Table 3, irrespective of the liquid solvents, deoxymiroestrol had the greater solubility compared to that of miroestrol (p < 0.05). Surprisingly, the solubility of miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol in the investigated oils (caprylic/capric triglyceride and IPM) was the lowest (p < 0.05), whereas the solubilities in water for miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol were 30.5 ± 1.3 and 48.3 ± 3.2 µg/ml, respectively.