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Osteoarthritis
Published in Nicole M. Farmer, Andres Victor Ardisson Korat, Cooking for Health and Disease Prevention, 2022
The traditional use of herbs such as frankincense for OA has long been published in the literature and supports the notion that plant molecules of phytonutrients may play a protective role in the condition (Dragos et al., 2017). Two popular natural supplements for OA, glucosamine chondroitin and SAM (S-adenyl methionine), have long been touted for pain relief from OA. Exact mechanisms for their function are not known, but suspected mechanisms include reduction of MMP through anti-inflammatory processes and protection of the PG, aggrecan, and network within the cartilage (Vasilladis, 2017). While developments in genotyping and proteomic expression have led to novel potential pharmacologics for OA, it has also brought the ability to identify nutrients likely to favorably impact inflammatory pathways in OA. For example, luteolin, apigenin, sulforaphane, and isoliquiritigenin (nutrient bioactives to be described in later sections) were found to significantly suppress IL-1β production in chondrocytes (Davidson et al., 2018). Identification of these nutrient bioactives highlights the role of specific food based nutrients in the pathophysiology of OA, and the thus the necessity to explore each nutrient and its response to food preparation techniques.
1,3-Diphenyl-2-Propene-1-One-Based Natural Product Antidiabetic Molecules as Inhibitors of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B (PTP-1B)
Published in Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Cristóbal Noé Aguilar, A. K. Haghi, Applied Pharmaceutical Practice and Nutraceuticals, 2021
Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Sanjay Kumar Bharti, Vivek Asati
Isoliquiritigenin (12) was investigated to inhibit the antidiabetic target PTP-1B by preventing the phosphorylation of IR/PI3K/AKT and also inhibiting the oxidation of PTP-1B under insulin-induced adipogenesis stages and insulin-induced adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells.49
Medicinal Plants of China Focusing on Tibet and Surrounding Regions
Published in Raymond Cooper, Jeffrey John Deakin, Natural Products of Silk Road Plants, 2020
Jiangqun Jin, Chunlin Long, Edward J. Kennelly
Chemical constituents: Flavanones: liquiritigenin, liquiritin, liquiritinapioside; chalcones: isoliquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin apioside (Figure 2.7), isoliquiritin, neoisoliquiritin; saponins: glycyrrhizic acid (Figure 2.7), licorice-saponin A3, licorice-saponin G2; isoflavans; isoflavenes; flavones; isoflavones; coumarins; and phenolics (Hosseinzadeh and Nassiri-Asl, 2015).
Research progress of natural products and their derivatives against Alzheimer’s disease
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2023
Jin-Ying Liu, Hong-Yan Guo, Zhe-Shan Quan, Qing-Kun Shen, Hong Cui, Xiaoting Li
Both liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin are dihydro- flavonoid monomer compounds extracted from the natural plant liquorice. As these two compounds have similar structures, their pharmacological activities are also similar. In recent years, researchers have found that liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin are promising agents for the treatment of AD. Studies have shown that liquiritigenin can be a potent inhibitor of tau amyloid fibril formation by preventing structural transitions in its structure and exposure of hydrophobic groups. Therefore, reducing tau aggregation-mediated neurotoxicity42. Aβ levels can also be reduced by modulating the M1/M2 phenotype transition in microglia, thereby reducing memory decline during AD43. Isoliquiritigenin attenuated Aβ25-35 induced neuronal damage in rat cortical neurons by interfering with [Ca2+]i and ROS production44. Isoliquiritigenin reduces neuronal damage by inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). The activity of 5-LO is regulated by 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP), and targeting the 5-LO/FLAP pathway is considered an effective strategy for the treatment of AD. 5-LO is involved in AD pathological changes, and its activity is significantly enhanced. Studies have shown that activation of 5-LO promotes Aβ amyloid deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation45 (Figure 5, Table 2).
Sirtuins as therapeutic targets for improving delayed wound healing in diabetes
Published in Journal of Drug Targeting, 2022
Fathima Beegum, Anuranjana P. V., Krupa Thankam George, Divya K. P., Farmiza Begum, Nandakumar Krishnadas, Rekha R. Shenoy
Different pathways are involved for these natural modulators in diabetes and its complications; however, specifically SIRT 1–FOXO1–c-Myc pathway relates to diabetic wound healing. Formononetin, a natural molecule regulates diabetic nephropathy by SIRT 1/Nrf2 pathway while vitamin K1 regulates hepatic function by SIRT 1/AMPK pathway. Similarly, isoliquiritigenin affects hepatic function in diabetic condition by SIRT 1/MAPK/Nrf2 pathway. On the other hand, aucubin improves diabetic nephropathy through SIRT 1/SIRT 3/FOXO3a pathway. Lipid and glucose metabolism is regulated via SIRT 1/AKT pathway by quercetin. Sitagliptin modulates liver function in diabetes by SIRT 1/AMPKα pathway. Honokiol, another molecule improves diabetic myocardial dysfunction through SIRT 1/Nrf2 pathway. Acetylshikonin, a natural molecule regulates hepatic dysfunction by SIRT 1/MAPK pathway. Resveratrol an important natural modulator of sirtuin improves wound healing in diabetes through SIRT 1–FOXO1–c-Myc pathway (Table 5).
A comprehensive profiling and identification of liquiritin metabolites in rats using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap–orbitrap mass spectrometer
Published in Xenobiotica, 2021
Shan Jiang, Shaoping Wang, Pingping Dong, Lei Shi, Qiyan Li, Xia Wei, Peng Gao, Jiayu Zhang
Four reference standards including LQ, isoliquiritin (ILQ), liquiritigenin, and isoliquiritigenin were purchased from Chengdu Must Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (Sichuan, China). These reference standards with purities higher than 98% were applicable to UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap analysis. HPLC grade acetonitrile, methanol and formic acid (FA) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ, USA). All the other chemicals of analytical grade were available at the work station, Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China). Deionised water used throughout the experiment was purified by a Milli-Q Gradient Å 10 System (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Grace Pure™ SPE C18-Low solid phase extraction cartridges (200 mg/3 mL, 59 µm, 70 Å) were purchased from Grace Davison Discovery Science (Deerfield, IL, USA).