China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Use of Molecular Markers of Endometrial Receptivity
Published in Botros Rizk, Yakoub Khalaf, Controversies in Assisted Reproduction, 2020
Alejandro Rincón, David Bolumar, Diana Valbuena, Carlos Simón
In parallel, another group found that exosomes from the uterine fluid contained mRNAs for interleukins, interferon regulatory factors, and enJSRV-env genes, appreciating a decrease in mRNA levels for enJSRV-env genes as pregnancy progressed from roughly days 10–12 (preimplantation) to day 16 (moment of attachment). The enJSRV-env genes promoted trophectoderm cells proliferation along with the secretion of interferon tau (IFNT) in an exosome dose-dependent manner, likely via TLR signaling. The importance of these findings lies in the fact that IFNT acts as the pregnancy recognition signal, which announces the presence of the embryo to the uterus around days 10–12 of pregnancy for its attachment on day 16 (52).
Pyroptosis and inflammasomes in obstetrical and gynecological diseases
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2021
In 2018, Dr. Suzuki investigated different cell-death pathways in uterine tissue obtained from pregnant cows. Uterine tissues were all collected on day 18 of pregnancy from the bovine uterine. The results suggested that both the expression of apoptosis-related genes (caspase-7, 8, and fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD)) and pyroptosis-related genes (caspase-4, 11, and NLRP3) were significantly higher in the pregnant subjects in comparison to the non-pregnant ones. On the other hand, pregnancy did not seem to have an effect on autophagy-related genes. Furthermore, Dr. Suzuki cultured bovine endometrial epithelial cells in vitro with a type I interferon, interferon-tau stimulation. interferon-tau is known as pregnancy recognition signaling molecule secreted from the bovine conceptus during their preimplantation period. He came up with some similar results, showing that interferon-tau affected both the increase of apoptosis-related (caspase-8) and pyroptosis-related (caspase-11) genes, while the autophagy-related gene expression was not effected either [55].