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Infertility
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Inositol: As it presents a relevant role in ensuring oocyte fertility, inositol has been studied for its use in the management of polycystic ovaries. The use of 2,000 mg myoinositol plus 200 μg folic acid bid is a safe and promising tool in the effective improvement of symptoms and infertility for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).2
Gestational diabetes mellitus
Published in Moshe Hod, Vincenzo Berghella, Mary E. D'Alton, Gian Carlo Di Renzo, Eduard Gratacós, Vassilios Fanos, New Technologies and Perinatal Medicine, 2019
Silvia Vannuccini, Federico Mecacci
A recent multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the effect of metformin—an insulin sensitizer commonly used in type II diabetes—in diabetic obese pregnant women (BMI > 30 kg/m2) on maternal and fetal outcomes, after 12 weeks’ gestation. Treated women and control group had a similar GDM incidence (24% versus 18%) (78). Another trial on pregnant women with BMI 35 kg/m2 showed that metformin had no significant effect on birth weight and on composite obstetric outcome in obese pregnant women, even though it significantly reduced gestational weight gain and preeclampsia incidence (79). On the contrary, when metformin was used in pregnancy in women with PCOS, there was about a 10-fold reduction in the rate of GDM, together with a reduction in all PCOS-related obstetric complications (80,81). Myo-inositol, an isomer of inositol, with insulin sensitizing effects, has been shown to be effective in reducing the rate of GDM (66% decrease), macrosomia, and LGA babies, if a dose of 4 g/daily was administered in early pregnancy in women at risk for GDM (both overweight and obese) (82,83).
Nature, Function, and Biosynthesis of Surfactant Lipids
Published in Jacques R. Bourbon, Pulmonary Surfactant: Biochemical, Functional, Regulatory, and Clinical Concepts, 2019
Corticosteroids, but also thyroid hormone, additionally appear to control the acidic phospholipid biosynthesis since in tissue culture of fetal rabbit lung, they enhanced the synthesis of surfactant PG and decreased that of surfactant PI.319 Exogenous myo-inositol suppressed these hormonal effects.319
Metformin does not improve insulin sensitivity over hypocaloric diets in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review of 12 studies
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2021
Samantha Celeste Garcia-Hernandez, Leonardo M. Porchia, Blanca T. Pacheco-Soto, Esther López-Bayghen, M. Elba Gonzalez-Mejia
Metformin is the most recognized and used among insulin sensitizers, but its effectiveness for PCOS still remains controversial. The main reason why we investigated Metformin over other known insulin sensitizers, like Thiazolidinediones (TZD), is that there are no significant differences for these other compounds when compared to Metformin with respect for certain metabolic parameters [59]. However, for TZD, there are relevant adverse side effects, such as hepatotoxicity and anemia, as well as it is categorized as a medication Type C for pregnancy, complicating the landscape for PCOS women seeking pregnancy [60,61]. The possible use of Inositol as an insulin sensitizing agent is still considered as an experimental therapy. Due to the active molecules, Myoinositol and D-chiro-inositol, which are involved in cellular glucose uptake, their concentrations are high in glucose consuming tissues [62]. Moreover, Myoinositol was shown to mediate follicular response to gonadotropins in the ovaries of PCOS women [62,63]. Without enough evidence for its correct evaluation in PCOS women, the recommendation is to be precautious on its use until there is more research [17,64]. Lastly, the use of alpha-lipoic acid, as an oral supplementation in PCOS women, resulted in improvements of the metabolic and the menses profiles; however, with very few and inconsistent results, this novel prospect is in need of further research [65–67].
The Effect of Broad-Spectrum Dietary Supplementation on Quality of Life, Symptom Severity, and Functioning in Multiple Sclerosis
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2020
H. Reginald McDaniel, Christopher LaGanke, Laura Bloom, Sharon Goldberg, Judith Hensel, Laura A. Lantigua, Lucas C. Lages, Steven E. Atlas, Judi M. Woolger, John E. Lewis
In addition, depressive symptoms according to the BDI, anxiety and depression on the EQ-5D-3L, and emotional well-being on the FAMS all significantly improved over the 12-month intervention. Mood disorders (i.e., depression and anxiety) are highly prevalent in the MS population, particularly after the initial phase of the disorder (Janssens et al. 2006; Giordano et al. 2011; Tan-Kristanto and Kiropoulos 2015). The lifetime prevalence rates of depression in MS patients are between 15% and 50% (Sadovnick et al. 1991; Siegert and Abernethy 2005). Because depression is so common, has substantial illness-related burden similar to cardiovascular disease, and is a leading cause of disability itself (World Health Organization et al. 2004; Eby and Eby 2010), methods to counteract mood disorder are crucial. Various nutrients, including inositol (Levine et al. 1995) and S-adenosylmethionine (Bell et al. 1988), have been used in clinical trials and show modest, short-term improvements in depressive symptoms. We also recently found a minor effect of intravenous magnesium sulfate on quality of life symptoms in patients with treatment-resistant depression (Mehdi et al. 2017). Thus, our approach, using a broad-spectrum dietary supplement regimen to support various physiologic targets, may represent an effective nonpharmacologic alternative to conventional treatment of MS-associated depression.
Lack of effects of myo-inositol on metabolism of primary rat adipocytes
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2018
Tomasz Szkudelski, Iwona Hertig, Katarzyna Szkudelska
It was demonstrated that myo-inositol has therapeutic potential in some disorders. Rodent studies show that this compound increases insulin secretion (Szkudelski et al.1999), improves insulin action and also induces numerous other beneficial effects in diabetic animals (Croze et al.2013, Antony et al.2017). It is well established that myo-inositol depletion in several tissues is associated with hormonal and metabolic disorders, such as polycystic ovary syndrome and diabetes (Unfer et al.2012, Croze and Soulage 2013). It was demonstrated that in type 2 diabetic humans and in animals with experimental diabetes, urinary excretion of this compound is increased. This is associated with abnormal content of myo-inositol in different tissues, mainly in the liver, skeletal muscle, fat tissue and kidney. Intracellular depletion of myo-inositol is also supposed to contribute to diabetic complications. Importantly, it was demonstrated that dietary supplementation with myo-inositol has beneficial effects in subjects with severe diabetic complications, such as neuropathy, nephropathy, and also cataract (Croze and Soulage 2013). Supplementation with this compound is safe because of high tolerance of dietary myo-inositol. Its lethal dose in mice is very high and reaches 10 g/kg body weight. In humans, ingestion of high amounts of myo-inositol was shown to induce only mild side effects (Carlomagno and Unfer 2011, Croze and Soulage 2013).