China
Africa
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Sparking and Sustaining the Essential Functions of Research
Published in Thomas S. Inui, Richard M. Frankel, Enhancing the Professional Culture of Academic Health Science Centers, 2022
More than a century and two world wars have passed since Japan became “modernized,” and we can appropriately ask, what medical values should Japan embrace? Of course we still value science, but in my view we should place more emphasis on what I call “probabilism.” Even laboratory science has moved away from simple cause-effect models. Instead of discovering a single cause of a disease, we now try to estimate the importance of various risk factors and the likelihoods of various effects of treatments in a complex web of phenomena. Instead of thinking that we can conquer a disease, we do what we can to reduce its incidence and prevalence, to manage its symptoms, and to lessen the burden it imposes on individuals and society. In terms of structures, in this century we now look to the “grass roots,” trying to identify unmet needs in communities. We also value human resources from the bottom up; that is, local health-care providers such as physicians serving in their communities. In contemporary academic health-science centers, our responsibility is to teach the skills of critical and analytical thinking and to empower our students to do research based on their own practice or on community health-care policy. We should make every effort to return these human resources and the fruit of their work back to their communities.
Public policies in building a healthy community
Published in Ben Y.F. Fong, Martin C.S. Wong, The Routledge Handbook of Public Health and the Community, 2021
The 1986 Ottawa Charter (WHO, 1986) emphasised the importance of healthy public policy as a crucial strategy for bettering public health. Health care policy involves the regulation, financing and delivery of a broad range of services to prevent and cure diseases (Trein, 2019). Every health system consists of four policy goals, including cost control, equity, freedom and the quality of health care services (Trein, 2019).
Introduction
Published in Mickey C. Smith, E.M. (Mick) Kolassa, Walter Steven Pray, Government, Big Pharma, and the People, 2020
Mickey C. Smith, E.M. (Mick) Kolassa, Walter Steven Pray
Health Care Policy? Again: “Prudence or wisdom in the management of affairs”. So far, at least, that hasn’t appeared to everyone’s satisfaction. Anyone with the temerity (your humble Author included) to attempt to explain the extant system or Policy faces a forbidding task. Of course there is plenty of temerity around as the Reader will easily discover in the pages that follow.
Public-private partnership role during the pandemic: A case of COVID-19 testing in the Republic of Latvia 2020
Published in International Journal of Healthcare Management, 2023
Arturs Kalva, Girts Brigis, Sergejs Kruks, Dins Smits
Health care policy is realized by different mechanisms that can only include public sector providers or also involve the private sector. One of the well-known and practical working approaches is a public-private partnership or PPP. Collaboration like PPP is regarded as one of the most effective models because it brings benefits for both partners and offers better solutions for health care needs [19]. The World Bank defines PPP as ‘a mechanism for government to procure and implement public infrastructure and/or services using the resources and expertise of the private sector’ [20]. Overall, PPP is a way how the public sector can increase the effectiveness of infrastructure services and can be an engine of economic growth. The public sector can take experience and financial resources and hand them out to the private sector contributing to domestic resource development [21]. Historically, governments involve the private sector to delegate functions such as financing, design, building, maintaining, operating, and delivering. The Global Health Group grouped it into three models: 1) infrastructure-based model, 2) discrete clinical service model, and 3) integrated PPP model [22].
The creation of a medical tourist destination: Exploring determinants of perception
Published in International Journal of Healthcare Management, 2021
The study offers several insights for constituents such as health care service providers including private and public hospitals, foreign and health care policy makers, insurance companies as well as insurance plan sponsors (e.g. companies). This study gives valuable insights to all the stakeholders of medical services for putting their efforts in the right direction, because for many patients who are desperate but unable to receive certain medical services at home, medical tourism often proves to be a boon. Findings that medical tourist considers the destination not only for medical solution but is also ready to advocate the destination to other medical patients, which in turn is influenced by the motivation factors, are of interest to medical service providers as well as destination marketers. Advocacy of medical tourist destination is influenced by satisfaction via the mediation of intrinsic regulation, identified regulations, introjected regulations and external regulations, indicating the need for strengthening of medical services, given its relatively strong influence for the medical tourist destination.
Uptake of HPV vaccine in traditional-age undergraduate students: Knowledge, behaviors, and barriers
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2019
Patricia A. Koplas, Jessica Braswell, T. Saray Smalls
Another important factor to consider for HPV vaccine uptake is vaccine cost and health insurance coverage. Previous research has identified vaccine cost and/or insurance coverage as perceived barriers to vaccine uptake for college students.12,14,15,17 Additional research reports cost and/or insurance coverage are also perceived by parents and health care providers as barriers to HPV vaccination.6,32 The participants in our sample who reported that cost was not an important influence were significantly more likely to have received the vaccine. We interpreted this result to indicate that these individuals had insurance coverage and cost was not a barrier for vaccine uptake. Currently, virtually all insurance plans cover the cost of the HPV vaccine and if a student did not have coverage through a parent, the campus student health insurance plan covers the full cost for any eligible students. With the current national discussion regarding health insurance policy, it is important to consider how changes in health care policy could impact coverage and perceived barriers for HPV vaccination in various demographics.