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Anxiety
Published in Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau, Beyond Menopause, 2023
Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau
5-HTP (5-hydroxytryptophan) is made naturally in the body and is commercially available as a product made from the seeds of a West African plant (Griffonia simplicifolia). Taking this supplement may boost serotonin levels because 5-HTP is converted from tryptophan into serotonin in the brain.
Neurotransmitters in Edible Plants
Published in Akula Ramakrishna, Victoria V. Roshchina, Neurotransmitters in Plants, 2018
Paramita Bhattacharjee, Soumi Chakraborty
Serotonin is present in highest amount in seeds (398 ± 90 µg/g tissue) of butternuts (Feldman and Lee, 1985) followed by seeds of black walnut where it is present at the level of 304 ± 46 µg/g tissue (Feldman and Lee, 1985). Appreciable amounts of serotonin are also reported in plantain, apricots, cherries, peaches, and Chinese plums (García-Moreno et al., 1983; Garrido et al., 2010; Gónzalez-Flores et al., 2011; Huang and Mazza, 2011; Ramakrishna et al., 2011). Seeds of the plant Griffonia simplicifolia cultivated on the west coast of Africa are also reportedly good sources of serotonin (Pathak et al., 2010).
Depression
Published in Ethan Russo, Handbook of Psychotropic Herbs, 2015
Griffonia simplicifolia is a leguminous tree found on West African savannas and coastal plains, but it also may be found as a liana (woody vine) in secondary forests (Dwuma-Badu et al., 1976) from Liberia to Gabon (Irvine, 1961).
Cryptotanshinone enhances wound healing in type 2 diabetes with modulatory effects on inflammation, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodelling
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2020
Min Song, Lu Chen, Lusha Zhang, Chunxiao Li, Joel Wake Coffie, Zhirui Fang, Liyuan Zhang, Shaoxia Wang, Xiumei Gao, Hong Wang
CT (purity ≥ 98%) (DY0011) was obtained from Chengdu Desite Biotech Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). RIPA buffer (R0010) was purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China). Avertin (T48402) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Protease inhibitor (0469132001), phosphatase inhibitor (0490837001), phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF, P0100), Transcriptor First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (4897030001) and FastStart Universal SYBR Green Master (4913914001) were bought from Roche (Mannheim, Germany). Trizol reagent (15596-026) was purchased from Life Technology (Waltham, MA). β-Actin (4970S) antibody was obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Boston, MA). Matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2, WL01579a) antibody was bought from Wanleibio (Shenyang, China). Other antibodies including VEGF (ab46154), CD45 (ab10558), Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1, ab8451), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9, ab38898), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA, ab5694) and Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 594) (ab150080) were provided by Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Griffonia simplicifolia Baill. (Caesalpiniaceae) lectin (AL-1103), anti-soybean agglutinin (AS-2014) and dylight®594 anti-goat IgG (H + L) (A11012) were obtained from Vector Laboratories (Burlingame, CA). C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1, abs131503) and rabbit anti-goat IgG-FITC (abs20006) were bought from absin (Shanghai, China). C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2, AF-452-SP) was from Novus (Plymouth, MN). VEGF ELISA kit (DVE00) was obtained from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN).
The Effects of 5-HTP on Body Composition: An 8-Week Preliminary RCT
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2023
Cassandra Evans, Veronica Mekhail, Jason Curtis, Paulina Czartoryski, Jackie Kaminski, Anya Ellerbroek, Erik Bustillo, Lia Jiannine, Juan Carlos Santana, Jose Antonio
Griffonia simplicifolia is an African plant that is commonly used as a 5-HTP supplement; however, the dietary intake of 5-HTP is uncommon (2). Thus, supplementation may be an effective means for increasing serotonin levels in the body via 5-HTP consumption. The current investigation is the only one that the authors are aware of that assessed the effects of 5-HTP supplementation on body composition in a cohort of exercise-trained men and women. Historically, 5-HTP supplementation has been studied in the context of overweight individuals. Cangiano et al. discovered that the oral 5-HTP supplementation decreased food intake and thus weight loss in obese subjects (10). In a follow up investigation, 20 obese patients were provided a placebo or 5-HTP (900 mg/day) for two consecutive 6-week periods (11). Under the 5-HTP condition, obese subjects lost a significant amount of body mass; however, it is unclear what the composition of this weight loss was. Similarly, 25 overweight, non-insulin dependent diabetic (NIDDM) outpatients were randomized to either a placebo or a 5-HTP group (750 mg/day) over a two-week period (5). Of the initial 25 subjects, nine and 11 completed the study from the 5-HTP and placebo groups, respectively. Subjects that supplemented with 5-HTP lost an average of 2.1 kilograms of body weight (pre-weight 86.2 ± 3.5 kg, post-weight 84.1 ± 3.5 kg; p < 0.01). The investigators attributed the loss of body weight to a decrease in energy intake. The placebo group experienced no change in energy intake; however, the 5-HTP group decreased energy intake by ∼414 kcal per day (i.e. baseline energy intake 1933 kcal; post- intake 1519 kcal) (5). Interestingly, when they examined the macronutrient selection of the 5-HTP subjects, the decrement in energy intake was attributed to a reduction in carbohydrate (i.e. decrease of 67 g/day or 268 kcal) and fat consumption (i.e. 12 g/day or 108 kcal). Therefore, the majority of daily energy intake was due to a reduction in carbohydrate consumption. If carbohydrate intake was reduced substantially, then it seems reasonable to assume that the weight loss was primarily due to a reduction in total body water (i.e. ∼3 g of water are stored for every gram of glycogen) (12). It should be emphasized that none of the previous trials assessed body composition (i.e. lean body mass, fat mass, or total body water). Thus, it is impossible to determine the nature of the weight loss.