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Metallopharmaceuticals
Published in Varma H. Rambaran, Nalini K. Singh, Alternative Medicines for Diabetes Management, 2023
Varma H. Rambaran, Nalini K. Singh
With regard to the development of antidiabetic compounds, we have found that much work has been done using natural product isolates, such as allixin (Figure 4.1a), dipicolinic acid (Figure 4.1b), and maltol (Figure 4.1c), due to their known beneficial activities in various metabolic pathways (Dabrowiak 2017).Structural formulae of natural product isolates: (a) allixin, (b) dipicolinic acid, and (c) maltol.
Basic Microbiology
Published in Philip A. Geis, Cosmetic Microbiology, 2020
Endospore—In a few genera, bacteria can internally generate this protective structure by a process termed “sporulation” usually induced by unfavorable conditions. The endospore is an environmentally resistant, metabolically inert structure which contains, at the least, the bacterial DNA, some proteins, calcium, and dipicolinic acid. Upon the return of favorable conditions, the endospore can reproduce the growing form of the bacteria by “vegetation” or outgrowth. Few genera contain spore-forming bacteria, most notably the Clostridium and Bacillus genera form spores.
Molecular Vibrational Imaging by Coherent Raman Scattering
Published in Shoogo Ueno, Bioimaging, 2020
Yasuyuki Ozeki, Hideaki Kano, Naoki Fukutake
Since the early stage of the application to living cells and tissues, CARS microscopy has been proven to provide excellent image contrast with metabolites such as lipids. Because of the long aliphatic chains of lipids, CH2 symmetric stretching vibrational mode at ~2850 cm−1 can be used to visualize intracellular lipid droplets and tissue-specific lipids such as myelin sheath. Using the intense band caused by the CH2 symmetric stretching vibrational mode, Hellerer et al. reported 3-D visualization and quantitation of lipid droplets in Caenorhabditis elegans [71]. For the CARS study using the fingerprint region, Petrov et al. reported CARS spectra of single bacterial endospores (Bacillus subtilis) in the fingerprint region and intra-cellular dipicolinic acid (DPA) [29].
The effects of a new antidiabetic glycinium [(pyridine-2, 6-dicarboxylato) oxovanadate (V)] complex in high-fat diet of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2022
Gholamreza Komeili, Fatemeh Ghasemi, Ali Reza Rezvani, Khaled Ghasemi, Farzaneh Khadem Sameni, Mohammad Hashemi
Synthesis of oxovanadate (V) compound, glycinium [(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylato) oxovanadate (V)] complex was performed as described previously (Ghasemi et al. 2018). Briefly, 167 mg dipicolinic acid and 80 mg NaOH were dissolved in 20 mL the mixture of ethanol/water and dropwise added to 10 mL aqueous solution of VOSO4 (217 mg/mL). Subsequently, 37 mg glycine was added to the resulting mixture and refluxed for 48 h, filtered off and then left to evaporate in a beaker in air at the ambient temperature until colorless crystals were obtained. X-ray structural analysis was performed (Ghasemi et al. 2018). Elemental analyses were performed by using elemental analysis method (CHNS-932 elemental analyzer). The percentage of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen obtained in this method (C, 32.87; H, 2.76; N, 8.78%), is consistent with precise elemental formula suggested by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (C9H9N2O8V). Figure 1 shows the proposed structure of glycinium [(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylato) oxovanadate (V)] complex.
First report of Enterobacter asburiae isolate, producing NDM-1 and a novel ACT-68 enzyme in Bulgaria
Published in Infectious Diseases, 2019
Rumyana Markovska, Temenuga Stoeva, Petya Stankova, Lyudmila Boyanova, Dobromira Dimitrova, Rayna Gergova, Ivan Mitov
The isolate was recovered from blood culture of a 5-year-old child, admitted to the paediatric ward of the hospital with acute laryngotracheitis in June 2017. The identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were done by the automated Phoenix system (Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ). The isolate was identified as E. cloacae complex interpreted according to the guidelines of EUCAST, 2018. The isolate demonstrated a multidrug-resistant profile. It was nonsusceptible to ampicillin >8 mg/L, cefuroxime >8 mg/L, ceftazidime >8 mg/L, cefotaxime >4 mg/L, amoxicillin/clavulanate >8/2 mg/L, piperacillin/tazobactam >16/4 mg/L, cefepime 16 mg/L, imipenem >8 mg/L, meropenem >8 mg/L, tobramycin >4 mg/L, gentamicin >4 mg/L, amikacin >32 mg/L, aztreonam >16 mg/L, ciprofloxacin 0.5 mg/L, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole >4/76 mg/L and colistin >4 mg/L. Susceptibility was found only to tigecycline 0.38 mg/L, levofloxacin 0.25 mg/L, nitrofurantoin <16 mg/L and fosfomycin <16 mg/L. The phenotypic confirmation of carbapenemase production was performed by the modified Hodge test and KPC/Metallo-beta-lactamase and OXA-48 Confirm Kit (ROSCO Diagnostica A/S, Taastrup, Denmark). The isolate showed a weakly positive Hodge test and an inhibition of the carbapenem-hydrolysing activity by dipicolinic acid, thus indicating MBL-production.
Detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales and the BD Phoenix CPO Detect panel
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2019
Michaela Simon, Josef Koestler, Udo Reischl, André Gessner, Jonathan Jantsch
In addition, the EUCAST guideline for the detection of resistance mechanisms describes the combination disk testing method that is based on the disk diffusion methodology [18]. The discrimination of various carbapenemase classes is achieved by the comparison of inhibition zone diameters of a carbapenem in absence or presence of a class-specific inhibitor. Commonly applied inhibitors are dipicolinic acid or EDTA for metallo-beta-lactamases and aminophenyl boronic acid for Ambler class A carbapenemases, respectively. However, whether this approach allows for reliable detection of non-KPC-type class A carbapenemases is not fully clear. Commercial test kits for combination disk testing are available [25,26]. Cloxacillin and temocillin can be used as indicators for AmpC-expressing organisms and for OXA-48-like carbapenemases, respectively. Nevertheless, combined resistance mechanisms can give inconclusive results [25].