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Fluid Bed Processing
Published in Dilip M. Parikh, Handbook of Pharmaceutical Granulation Technology, 2021
The deflagration valve such as Ventex-ESI requires less maintenance than the active valve previously used in the industry. An explosion force (pressure wave) moving ahead of the flame front hurls the poppet forward to the valve seat providing an airtight seal. The poppet once seated is locked in by a mechanical shutoff device, which retains the seal until manually reset. The three basic versions of the standard mechanical Ventex valve are available with a set pressure of 1.5 psi and a maximum pressure of 150 psi. The Ventex-ESI valve closes by the explosion pressure wave, without external power for horizontal or vertical operation. Figure 10.33 shows how the Ventex valve closes. The pressure wave of an explosion pushes the closing device against a seal. When closed, the valve is locked and effectively prevents the spread of flames and pressure waves. The actual position of the valve is shown by a position indicator and can be transferred to a control unit via a switch.
Endothelins in Inflammation
Published in Sami I. Said, Proinflammatory and Antiinflammatory Peptides, 2020
Giles A. Rae, Maria G. M. O. Henriques
At this stage, we hope that those readers who have been patient enough to reflect on all the information contained in the previous sections will be convinced that ETs are endowed with many properties which are pertinent to inflammatory conditions (Fig. 1). However, to what extent does the evidence accumulated thus far actually implicate endogenous ETs in the deflagration and/or maintenance of different chronic inflammatory diseases? We will now attempt to outline briefly some of the evidence which constitutes a partial—and no doubt fragmentary—answer to this question.
Ballistic weaponry, blast and personal protective equipment development
Published in Ian Greaves, Military Medicine in Iraq and Afghanistan, 2018
An explosion is a result of a change in state from solid or liquid, to gas, and of the resulting release of energy. The explosive properties of a material are determined by its chemical composition and the speed at which energy is expelled. Low explosives react by deflagration, or burning, where the reaction is propagated by flame passing through the material at a rate significantly slower than the speed of sound. They consist of a combustible material (for example sulphur and charcoal in gunpowder), together with a source of oxygen (potassium nitrate in the case of gunpowder), and during the explosive process, there is a low rise in pressure. Low explosives include fireworks and most commonly injure by burning; they are not a significant medical problem in modern conflicts. However, if a low explosive is contained in a hard object, such as in a pressure cooker, the internal pressure can rise to high levels before there is a sudden release of energy, and more significant injuries can occur. This is also the process used in firearms where the explosive acts as a propellant for the bullet.
Call Me Text, Just Text*
Published in Studies in Gender and Sexuality, 2018
Plasticity in its double meaning. Catherine Malabou (2008) points out two etymological senses of the word “plasticity”—one, commonly used, of receiving or creating form, and another, symptomatically disregarded, of annihilating form: Plasticity directly contradicts rigidity. … According to its etymology—from the Greek plassein, to mold—the word plasticity has two basic senses: it means at once the capacity to receive form (clay is called “plastic,” for example) and the capacity to give form (as in the plastic arts or in the plastic surgery). … But it must be remarked that plasticity is also the capacity to annihilate the very form it is able to receive or create. We should not forget that plastique, from which we get the words plastiquage and plastiquer, is an explosive substance made of nitroglycerine and nitrocellulose, capable of causing violent explosions. We thus note that plasticity is situated between two extremes: on the one side the sensible image of taking form (sculpture or plastic objects), and on the other side that of the annihilation of all form (explosion). The word plasticity thus unfolds its meaning between sculptural molding and deflagration, which is to say explosion.8Malabou (2008), pp. 5–6 (author’s emphases).
Distortion product otoacoustic emission sensitivity to different solvents in a population of industrial painters
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2020
Renata Sisto, Luigi Cerini, Filippo Sanjust, Damiano Carbonari, Monica Gherardi, Andrea Gordiani, Nunziata L’Episcopo, Enrico Paci, Daniela Pigini, Giovanna Tranfo, Arturo Moleti
Urine samples were collected before and after the work shift in June 2018. Workers wore full facepiece respirators for protection against dust and organic vapours during the work shift. The professional exposure to noise was assessed using wearable phonometers Quest DLX-1. Two main tasks were individuated, roller and spray painting. One roller painter and two spray painters were asked to wear phonometers during the whole work shift. The personal noise exposure level was normalised to the standard duration of 8 hours, and the personal daily noise exposure Lex,8h was evaluated. As the workplace was at high risk for deflagration, it was possible to monitor three subjects only.