China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Alternative Tumor-Targeting Strategies
Published in David E. Thurston, Ilona Pysz, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs, 2021
The combretastatins (Figure 10.7) are a group of cis-stilbene compounds isolated from the bark and stem wood of the African bush willow tree (Combretum caffrum) that inhibit tubulin polymerization. Structurally, the combretastatin molecules are biaryls connected in the cis- (or Z-) configuration by an ethylene bridge, with Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) studies showing that the Z-configuration is essential for their antitumor activity. Furthermore, restricted rotation about the olefinic bridge is crucial for biological activity, as is the distance between the two rings. Structures of the combretastatins A-1 and A-4, and related prodrugs CA4P and Oxi4503.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Wild Medicinal Plants of Piauí State-Brazil
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Valdiléia Teixeira Uchôa, Mahendra Rai, Gilmânia Francisca Sousa Carvalho, Herbert Gonzaga Sousa, Patrícia e Silva Alves, Renata da Silva Carneiro, Ariane Maria da Silva Santos Nascimento, Felipe Pereira da Silva Santos, Gabriel e Silva Sales
The Combretum leprosum Mart. is a shrub belonging to the Combretaceae family, well distributed in the North and Northeast of Brazil. It is popularly known as mold, mufumbo or monkey comb (Cavalcanti et al. 2019). The Combretaceae family consists of 18 genera, and covers approximately 600 species of trees and shrubs. The largest representative of the family is genus Combretum with 370 species (Viau et al. 2016).
Plants from the Caatinga Biome with Medicinal Properties †
Published in Luzia Valentina Modolo, Mary Ann Foglio, Brazilian Medicinal Plants, 2019
Maria da Conceição Ferreira de Oliveira, Mary Anne Sousa Lima, Francisco Geraldo Barbosa, Jair Mafezoli, Mary Anne Medeiros Bandeira, Wellyda Rocha Aguiar
C. leprosum is a member of the family Combretaceae, constituted by circa 600 species in 18 genera, of which Terminalia and Combretum are the most important. This species is a popular medicinal plant, which grows wild as a shrub in the Northeast region of Brazil, mainly in the semi-arid regions of Ceará state known as “mofumbo”, “mufumbo” or “pente de macaco” (Facundo et al., 1993, 2005, 2008).
Herbal remedies used by traditional healers to treat haemorrhoids in Tabora region, Tanzania
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
David Sylvester Kacholi, Halima Mvungi Amir
The five most-cited plant species in terms of RFC were Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. (Asphodelaceae) (68%), followed by Allium sativum L. (Alliaceae) and Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) with 66% each, Combretum zeyheri Sond. (Combretaceae) and Cissus quadrangularis L. (Vitaceae) (with 61% each), Hymenocardia acida Tul. (Phyllanthaceae) (59%) and Terminalia sericea Burch.ex DC. (Combretaceae) (56%) (Table 2). These species are believed to have anti-inflammatory properties that help in soothing the inflammation of the haemorrhoids. For instance, A. vera gel (Langmead et al. 2004), A. sativum (Arreola et al. 2015), C. quadrangularis (Panthong et al. 2007), H. acida (Sofidiya et al. 2009) and T. sericea (Mongalo et al. 2016) have been experimentally confirmed to have the anti-inflammatory effects that help in treating acute inflammatory ailments such as piles. Hence, these MPs can be used to develop efficient and affordable contemporary drugs against haemorrhoids that can be used widely in the country and elsewhere.
Therapeutic potentials of endophytes for healthcare sustainability
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2021
Ayodeji O. Falade, Kayode E. Adewole, Temitope C. Ekundayo
The antidiabetic activity of a number of endophytic extracts and compounds have been reported by various studies [63–65]. The search on the antidiabetic activity of endophytes using ‘antidiabetic’ as the key word in equation 1 returned 33 items, 39% of which, were published between 2018 and 2020. ‘Glucosidase inhibition’ and ‘amylase inhibition’ together returned 8 items, of which, 50% were published between 2018 and 2020. From some of these studies, the endophytic Aspergillus awamori isolated from Acacia nilotica was reported with the ability to produce an uncharacterized peptide with alpha glucosidase and alpha amylase inhibitory activities [66]. The extract and the compounds: ‘(S)-(+)-2-cis-4-trans-abscisic acid, 7ʹ-hydroxy-abscisic acid and 4-des-hydroxyl altersolanol A’ obtained from Nigrospora oryzae hosted by Combretum dolichopetalum were reported to exhibit ability to reduce the fasting blood sugar of alloxan-induced diabetic mice [67]. Also, peniisocoumarins C, G and I, obtained from Penicillium commune QQF-3, have exhibited strong inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase [68].
Combretastatin-based compounds with therapeutic characteristics: a patent review
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2019
Lalit Mohan Nainwal, Mohammad Mumtaz Alam, Mohammad Shaquiquzzaman, Akranth Marella, Ahmed Kamal
Macrocyclic lactones combretastatin D-1 and combretastatin D-2 were first isolated [3] from the stem wood of Combretum caffrum by Pettit et al. and patented in US4940726A patent [63]. Combretastatin A-4 was patented [64] in 1991(US4996237) by them. They also patented (US005409953A, US005569786A) method of isolation and synthesis [65,66] of antineoplastic compounds combretastatin A-1, combretastatin A-2, combretastatin A-3, combretastatin B-1, combretastatin B-2, combretastatin B-3, and combretastatin B-4 in 1995. Whereas, disodiumphosphate, dipotassium phosphate, and ammonium phosphate prodrugs of combretastatin A-4 with their anticancer potentials were described in a patent US005561122A in 1996 [67].