China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Selective Chinese Viviparous Ferns, Their Bioactive Principles and Economical Values
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Medicinal Plants, 2018
Xavier Ravi Baskaran, Antony Varuvel Geo Vigila, Wenbo Liao, Zhang Shouzhou
The following ferns have been reported for the presence of ABA. All the ferns are non-viviparous, such as Anemia phyllitidis (Cheng and Schraudolf 1974); Lygodium japonicum (Yamane et al. 1980); Cibotium glaucum and Dicksonia antarctica (Yamane et al. 1988); Marsilea drummondii (Pilate et al. 1989); Pteridium esculentum and D. antarctica and a lycophyte (Selaginella kraussiana) (Brodribb and McAdam 2011; McAdam and Brodribb 2012). The presence of ABA inhibits precocious germination or vivipary in ferns as described by Sakata et al. (2014) and ABA–related genes are summarised in Table 11.2.
Biogenesis of silver nanoparticles using leaf extract of Indigofera hirsuta L. and their potential biomedical applications (3-in-1 system)
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Vasudeva Reddy Netala, Suman Bukke, Latha Domdi, S. Soneya, Sindhu G. Reddy, Murali Satyanarayana Bethu, Venkata Subbaiah Kotakdi, K. V. Saritha, Vijaya Tartte
The effective scavenging activity of the IH-AgNPs could be due to antioxidant compounds like polyphenols and flavonoids present in the leaf extract. Polyphenols and flavonoids mainly participated in the biosynthesis of IH-AgNPs. Our results are in consistence with many earlier reports. Mohamed et al (2014) showed antioxidant activity of green synthesized AgNPs against DPPH radicals [56]. AgNPs prepared by using Cibotium barometz root showed effective scavenging activity against DPPH radicals [27]. Chaenomeles sinensis leaf synthesized AgNPs showed effective DPPH quenching activity [33]. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl, epoxyl, superoxide, peroxylnitrile and singlet oxygen causes oxidative stress linked to various human diseases such as inflammation, atherosclerosis, ageing, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, more attention has been focused on the application of natural antioxidants to protect the cells against the damage by ROS. Hence the present study provides the evidence for the application of IH-AgNPs as natural antioxidants in future.
Potential anticancer activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles using leaf extract of Rhynchosia suaveolens: an insight into the mechanism
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Murali Satyanarayana Bethu, Vasudeva Reddy Netala, Latha Domdi, Vijaya Tartte, Venkateswara Rao Janapala
The anticancer activity of RS-AgNPs was determined by the MTT assay by measuring the percentage of cell viability (live cells) and IC50 values were calculated for each cell line (Figure 4). FDA approved drug molecule doxorubicin was used as a positive control. RS-AgNPs exhibited concentration-dependent potential cytotoxicity against DU145 and PC3, SKOV3 and A549 cells. RS-AgNPs induced 50% cytotoxicity against DU14, PC-3, SKOV3 and A549 at the concentrations of 4.35, 7.72, 4.2 and 24.7 μg/mL, respectively. Lower IC50 value indicates highest inhibitory activity. Hence, RS-AgNPs were more cytotoxic against SKOV3 cells, followed by DU14, PC3 and A549. It is evident from the results that RS-AgNPs exhibit highest inhibition against SKOV3 cells with an IC50 value of 4.2 µg/mL. Nevertheless, these RS-AgNPs are 16-fold less toxic to most common mammalian cells, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The results are supported by previous findings. Biogenic AgNPs from the leaf extract of Olax scandens exhibited potent cytotoxicity against A549, B16F10 (mouse melanoma) and MCF-7 (Human breast cancer), but showed negligible cytotoxicity towards normal cell lines including CHO, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and rat cardiomyoblast (H9C2) cells [10]. Biosynthesized AgNPs from Clerodendrum phlomidis exhibited potent cytotoxicity against HT29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma(EAC) cells [52]. Biosynthesized AgNPs from Cibotium barometz and Chaenomeles sinensis showed anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells [27,28]. AgNPs synthesized with leaf extract of Sesbania grandiflora showed potent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells [53]. Biogenic AgNPs from rhizome extract of Acorus calamus demonstrated to be cytotoxic against A431 carcinoma cells [54].