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Conditioning of Hair
Published in Dale H. Johnson, Hair and Hair Care, 2018
Disperse the hydroxyethylcellulose in the water. When dispersed, heat to 60°C to 90°C. Add the cetyl alcohol, quaternium-18, stearyl alcohol, stearamido-propyl dimethylamine, ceteareth-20, and gyceryl stearate, and mix for 10 min. Cool to 50°C and add the rest of the ingredients. Mill the mixture under high shear for 2 min and cool to room temperature.
Rheological Profiles
Published in Laba Dennis, Rheological Proper ties of Cosmetics and Toiletries, 2017
Water, sodium C14-16 olefin sulfonate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, cocamide DEA, cocamidopropyl betaine, glycol distearate, polyquaternium-7, sodium stearate, fragrance, sodium chloride, tetrasodium EDTA, DMDM hydantoin, sodium citrate, SD alcohol 40-B, glycerin, cetyl esters, glyceryl dilaurate, cetearyl alcohol, mineral oil, myristyl alcohol, ceteareth-20, cetyl alcohol, lanolin oil, sodium carbomer 941, methylparaben, dimethicone, quatemium-15, propylparaben.
Hair Cosmetics and Cosmeceuticals
Published in Rubina Alves, Ramon Grimalt, Techniques in the Evaluation and Management of Hair Diseases, 2021
Aurora Alessandrini, Michela Starace, Bianca Maria Piraccini
Although most of the shampoos contain a variable proportion of conditioning agents, many consumers like to apply a conditioner after shampooing, to increase lubricity, reflectance, and general manageability of hair. As already mentioned, the hair shaft has negative electrical charges while conditioning agents have positive charges; the negative charges attract the positive ones that deposit onto the hair shaft, and all the charged molecules cancel each other out, giving an antistatic effect on hair [11]. The conditioners activate the flattening of the cuticles while preserving the hair color and shine. Common ingredients of conditioners include [8]: Cationic surfactants, such as cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, behentrimonium or propyltrimonium, stearamidopropyl dimethylamine, considered the backbone of a conditioner; -polymers, like mono and polypeptides like hydrolyzed proteins (amino acids), polypeptides derived from collagen and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), which fill the hair shaft defects, creating a smooth surface to increase shine while eliminating static electricity;Bodying agents and thickeners: fatty alcohols (e.g., cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol), waxes (e.g., carnauba wax and paraffin wax), or gums (e.g., guar gum) and salt (sodium chloride);Emollients/oily compounds: natural or synthetic oils, esters and waxes. The most frequently used synthetic and active oils are silicones in particular dimethicone, while natural oils used in conditioners are, for example, jojoba oil, olive oil, or grape seed oil;Auxiliary emulsifiers. Such as ethoxylated fatty alcohols (e.g., polysorbate-80 or ceteareth-20) which are non-ionic agents used to providing emulsion stability.
Quality by design enabled the development of stable and effective oil-in-water emulsions at compounding pharmacy: the case of a sunscreen formulation
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2021
Celia Maria Vargas da Costa Buzzo, Attilio Converti, José Alexsandro da Silva, Alexsandra Conceição Apolinário
The polymer Carbopol® 940 (polyacrylic acid) and the polymeric emulsifier Pemulen™ TR2 (acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate cross-polymer) were acquired from Lubrizol (São Paulo, SP, Brazil). The chelating agent EDTA (disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate), the antioxidant BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene), and triethanolamine (2,2′,2″-nitrilotriethanol), acting as buffer, chelating agent and surfactant, were purchased from Synth (Diadema, SP, Brazil). The broad spectrum antimicrobial agent Phenonip™, made up of methylparaben, propylparaben, ethylparaben and phenoxyethanol, was acquired from Clariant (Jacareí, SP, Brazil). The non-ionic emulsifier Eumulgin® B2 (Ceteareth-20) used to prepare O/W emulsions was obtained from Croda do Brasil Ltda (Campinas, SP, Brazil). The oil-soluble film former Antaron™ V 216 (VP/hexadecene Copolymer) was purchased from Ashland (Covington, KY, USA). The humectant propylene glycol and the base fluids cyclomethicone and silicone elastomer were acquired from Dow Corning (Hortolândia, SP, Brazil). The O/W emulsifier Emulium® 22 (Tribehenin PEG-20 Esters), organic UV filter, solubilizer and emollient Cocoate™ BG (butylene glycol cocoate) were acquired from Gattefosse (Saint-Priest, France). The co-emulsifier Olivem® 900 (Sorbitan olivate) was obtained from Biovital (São Carlos, SP, Brazil), while the modified natural polymer Dry Flo® (Aluminium Starch Octenylsuccinate), that acts as softening agent, was obtained from Via Farma (São Paulo, SP, Brazil).
Preparation and characterization of dexamethasone lipid nanoparticles by membrane emulsification technique, use of self-emulsifying lipids as a carrier and stabilizer
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2021
Dexamethasone (Caelo, Caeser & Loretz GmbH, Hilden, Germany); hard fat (Witepsol® S55) (Cremer Oleo GmbH & Co. KG, Hamburg, Germany); hard fat (Gelucire® 43/01), lauroyl polyoxyl-32 glycerides (Gelucire® 44/14), polyoxyl stearate (type I) (Gelucire® 48/16), and stearoyl polyoxyl-32 glycerides (Gelucire® 50/13) (Gattefossé GmbH, Bad Krozingen, Germany); mixture of glyceryl stearate and PEG-100 stearate (TEGO® Care 165), mixture of ceteareth-15 and glyceryl stearate (TEGO® Care 215), polyglyceryl-3 methylglucose distearate (TEGO® Care 450) (Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Essen, Germany); ultrapure water (Milli-Q® Merk Millipore, Merck KGaA, Germany) was used as a continuous phase.
Accelerate development of topical cream drug product using a common platform base formulation
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2020
Dimple Modi, Himanshu Sharma, Gossett Campbell
Miglyol 810 (MCT) (medium-chain triglycerides) was purchased from IOI oleo GmBH, Transcutol® P (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether) was purchased from Gattefosse (Lyon, France), solvents such as propylene glycol and PEG 400 were purchased from Dow Chemical (Midland, MI), cetostearyl alcohol 50 (CSA 50), and glyceryl monostearate (GMS) were supplied by BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany), surfactants PEG 40 stearate, Steareth 20, Steareth 21, Steareth 2, Span 60, Tween 60, and Ceteareth 20 were supplied by Croda International (Snaith, UK).