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Anti-Hyperglycemic Property Of Medicinal Plants
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Karanpreet Singh Bhatia, Arpita Roy, Navneeta Bhardavaj
Areca catechu with a vernacular name Indian nut is a fellow of Arecaceae family. It is native to Philippines, but now has distributed to other countries like India, Bangladesh, Southern China, Malaysia, Taiwan, Thailand, and others. Anti-hyperglycemic potential of chloroform, petroleum ether, and methanol fraction of Areca leaves was analyzed in a study involving Wister rats. The streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats were given 200 mg/kg extracts daily for half a month. All the extracts elicited reduction in FBG, but most effective one was found to be methanolic extract (Mondal et al., 2012). In another study, ethanolic, aqueous, and petroleum ether extract of Areca flowers were evaluated at a dosage of 500 mg/kg in AI hyperglycemic rats for 3 weeks. It was reported that ethanol and aqueous extract produced a noteworthy lowering in blood glucose as well as improvement of body weight and various diabetic parameters associated with the disease (Ghate et al., 2014).
Cholinergic Agonists
Published in Sahab Uddin, Rashid Mamunur, Advances in Neuropharmacology, 2020
Rupali Patil, Aman Upaganlawar
It is the main alkaloid obtained from seeds of areca or betel nuts, that is, Areca catechu. It acts at nicotinic receptors. Being tertiary amine, it readily gets absorbed and crosses BBB. Natives of the Indian subcontinent and East Indies were consuming this red staining betel nut as a euphoric, a mixture containing nut, shell lime, and leaves of a climbing species of pepper, Piper betle (Brunton, 2011).
Antimicrobial Properties of Traditional Medicinal Plants: Status and Potential
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Plant- and Marine-Based Phytochemicals for Human Health, 2018
V. Duraipandiyan, T. William Raja, Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi, Ignacimuthu Savarimuthu
Kani tribes are situated in Kouthalai of Tirunelveli hills, Tamil Nadu, India. They have practical knowledge about their TM plants. The combination of A. conyzoides leaf juice and Cocculus hirsutus is used to treat diarrhea. A mixture of Borreria ocymoides leaf juice, Garcinia pictoria leaf juice, and Syzigium cumini stem bark, along with gingerly oil is prepared as a paste and applied to wounds. Carmona retusa leaf powder is primarily useful for cleaning teeth. The whole plant is mixed with Acacia nilotica leaves and the seeds of Areca catechu and then used to cure toothache and to fortify teeth. Skin diseases are easily cured by a formulation of Crotalaria pallida leaf powder and root bark along with Tragia involucrata and Wrightia tinctoria leaves. This paste can be used externally to cure skin diseases. Scleropyrum pentandrum stem bark and leaves are also used to treat skin diseases. Extracted oil from Pongamia pinnata and the leaf paste from Eupatorium odoratum are mixed thoroughly and applied to wounds.
Areca nut procyanidins prevent ultraviolet light B-induced photoaging via suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinases in mouse skin
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Chia-Ling Weng, Chih-Chiang Chen, Han-Hsing Tsou, Tsung-Yun Liu, Hsiang-Tsui Wang
The extraction was modified from our previous studies (Huang et al.2010). Briefly, fresh tender areca nuts, the fruit of Areca catechu, were purchased from local shops in Taipei, Taiwan. After removing the husks, the nuts were extracted three times with 80% acetone (1:10 w/v). The acetone was then removed using a vacuum evaporator (Buchi Re111, Switzerland) under reduced pressure. The aqueous residue was subsequently partitioned with n-hexane and ethyl ether to remove lipid materials. After lyophilizing the aqueous layer, the resulting light-yellow powder was used as the areca nut extract (ANE) and kept at −20 °C under argon. Our previous studies have shown that ANE contained catechin-based procyanidins, which ranged from dimers to decamers and polymers, using HPLC and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) (Huang et al.2010). Therefore, we refer to the extract as ANPs throughout and two doses of ANP (10 and 20 mg/kg/d) were used in the UVB-induced photoaging mouse model according to our previous studies showing antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory potential of ANPs (Huang et al.2010).
A Discourse Analysis on Betel Nut Chewing in Hunan Province, China
Published in Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 2021
With the large potential consumers, the production and sale of betel nuts are rapidly increasing and supporting a multibillion dollar industry in China. Hunan Province does not grow areca catechu trees and areca fruit has to be imported from Hainan Province or Thailand. The final products for chewing are the dried halved husks, and industrially packaged with different flavored substances. In Hainan Province, the cultivation of areca trees has a history of about 1,500 years. Among the tropical crops produced in Hainan, betel nut farming ranks first followed by rubber and coconut. According to the report in China’s Binglang Industry Net (http://binglang.99114.com, July 24, 2018), Hainan has expanded the planting area for areca nuts to about 978,000 acres, and the total annual production is 143,000 tons, with the total value of 2 billion yuan, taking up 95% of the cultivation of the whole country. This industry involves 2,300,000 farmers (China Industry and Economy News, January 27, 2016). However, the processing industry falls into Hunan Province. According to Scientific and Technological News (April 17, 2015), Hunan has created the value of 40 billion yuan industry, with its yearly increase of 20–30%. It aims to promote the upgrade of Binglang Cultural Industry with the integration of research and development, cultivation, processing, trade, culture and tourism (Hunan Daily, August 12, 2018).
Arecoline plays dual role on adrenal function and glucose-glycogen homeostasis under thermal stress in mice
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2020
Romi Dasgupta, Indraneel Saha, Prajna Paramita Ray, Aniruddha Maity, Debajoyti Pradhan, Hari Prasad Sarkar, B. R. Maiti
Arecoline is a plant alkaloid, present abundantly in the betel nut of Areca catechu (Rooban et al. 2005) which is chewed raw or with betel quid by millions of people for stress reduction and heightened alertness. Arecoline is used for the treatment of presenile dementia with Alzheimer’s disease (Soncrant et al. 1993) and schizophrenia (Sullivan et al. 2000). It has a wide spectrum of untoward effects, such as oral carcinoma, immunosuppression, antioxidant depression and hepatotoxicity (Dasgupta et al. 2006) in mice. Arecoline has multiple actions on endocrine functions, while it stimulates adrenal and testicular functions, suppresses pineal and thyroid activities in rats and mice (Saha et al. 2007, Dasgupta et al. 2010a, 2010b). There are also reports that arecoline aggravates hypothyroidism in metabolic stress (Dasgupta et al. 2017) and ameliorates hypothyroid condition in cold stress. Recently Saha et al. (2017) have reported that, arecoline cannot exert its action on pineal-testicular function in noise in rats. Thus, it is pertinent to examine the role of arecoline on adrenocortical and adrenomedullary functions including their target on glucose-glycogen homeostasis in cold and heat stress in mice.