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The Role of Natural Products in COVID-19
Published in Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz, Sagheer Ahmed, Marius Alexandru Moga, The Covid-19 Pandemic, 2023
Iqra Akhtar, Sumera Javad, Tehreema Iftikhar, Amina Tariq, Hammad Majeed, Asma Ahmad, Muhammad Arfan, M. Zia-Ul-Haq
C. longa, a commercially and medicinally important member of family Zingiberaceae with a lot more secondary metabolites being stored in its rhizome. Main component of its rhizome extraction is curcumin, which is a hydrophobic polyphenol beta di-ketone (Figure 11.8). It is a famous Chinese, Siddha, and Ayurveda medicine [120]. It has proven antioxidant, analgesic, antiviral, and antimicrobial activities. It has been proved to be safe for human use at a dose of 12 g per day dose [121, 122]. Although there are some researches showing negative effects of higher or overdoses of curcumin but positive impacts of antiviral treatments by curcumin outweigh its minor negative impacts.
Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles of VIP, Somatostatin, Opioids, Galanin, GRP, and Secretin
Published in Edwin E. Daniel, Neuropeptide Function in the Gastrointestinal Tract, 2019
Jan D. Huizinga, Julio Pintin-Quezada
Acetylcholine release is inhibited by activation of both opioid and α-receptors on nerve terminals in the guinea pig myenteric plexus.100,121,–123 This may explain why the α-receptor antagonist yohimbine functionally antagonized the antitransit effect of morphine in the mouse in vivo.124
Psychotropic Drugs
Published in Diana Riley, Perinatal Mental Health, 2018
Both the original drug and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk, and can be measured in the infant’s plasma. Levels are generally low, and no dose-related adverse effects have been reported118-121. One case of cholestatic hepatitis, which was reversible on stopping the drug, has been reported122. This was probably an idiosyncratic reaction. Close observation of the baby and occasional infant plasma level estimations are recommended.
Velopharyngeal incompetence following transoral robotic surgery for oropharyngeal carcinoma: A scoping review
Published in International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2023
Emma Charters, Claire Pelham, Daniel Novakovic, Cate Madill, Jonathan Clark
Figure 1 depicts the search strategy and results. The search identified 121 studies in addition to two from a reference screen. After the elimination of 19 duplicate studies, 104 titles and abstracts were reviewed by the first two authors (EC and CP). Studies were excluded if the subjects did not have a diagnosis of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma or were not treated with TORS. The application of the inclusion criterion for the purpose of data extraction from the abstracts by EC and CP had an inter-rater reliability of 100%, with 77 records excluded leaving 27 full texts to review. A further 20 were excluded, with selection for inclusion specifying that an outcome for VPI must be specified and applied for live participants. Inter-rater reliability was 91% with discrepancies resolved through discussion. The final number of studies selected for inclusion in this scoping review was seven.
Experiences of caregivers and individuals living with traumatic brain injury in accessing health information: a qualitative investigation
Published in Brain Injury, 2023
Tammie M. Jones, Alaanah Bhanji, Sarah Osman, Xinsheng Cindy Cai, Steven Garfinkel, Ali A. Weinstein
Those who were not inclined to use support groups expressed difficulty finding groups with individuals whose circumstances were like their own. Differences in individual characteristics, such as, age, mechanism of injury (e.g., military-related injury vs. car accident), and relationship status were explanations for not finding support groups beneficial. Others found that support groups were “a whole lot of victimization and complaining and anger,” and filled with people who “want to be helped but they don’t want to be helped.” I’ve looked and Ihave not come up with anything that’s afit for me. Like Ican’t relate to someone that’s, you know, had abomb go off and has aTBI.- Patient 121
Emerging drugs for the treatment of hereditary angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency
Published in Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs, 2022
Andrea Zanichelli, Vincenzo Montinaro, Massimo Triggiani, Francesco Arcoleo, Debora Visigalli, Mauro Cancian
PHA-121 is a highly potent, orally bioavailable (capsule) small-molecule bradykinin B2 receptor competitive antagonist (Figure 1, Table 3). In in-vitro studies, PHA-121 was 40-fold more potent than icatibant in antagonizing human B2 receptor. In in-vivo studies on primate models, PHA-121 inhibited bradykinin-induced changes in blood pressure with a faster onset of action than icatibant and the duration of the effect was dose-dependent. Two phase I studies were completed. Results showed that PHA-121 had rapid exposure, predictable linear pharmacokinetics, and more potent antagonism of the human bradykinin B2 receptor than icatibant. In addition, it was well tolerated at all doses studied, with dose-proportional exposure. Adverse events were mild and the incidence was similar to placebo group. Therapeutic drug levels of PHA-121 were achieved in day 1 and steady-state plasma concentrations were reached within 72 hours. Two phase II studies, which are still recruiting, aim at testing its effectiveness as on-demand treatment and prophylaxis, respectively [26].