Mycobacterium gordonae

Immunopathogenesis of Vanishing Bile Duct Syndromes

Published in Gianfranco Alpini, Domenico Alvaro, Marco Marzioni, Gene LeSage, Nicholas LaRusso, The Pathophysiology of Biliary Epithelia, 2020

John M. Vierling, Marius Braun, Haimei Wang

Molecular mimicry refers to development of cross-reactivity to self-antigens following an adaptive immune response of B or T cells to a nonself antigen. Emerging evidence indicates that T cells normally crossreact with several antigens, expanding the capacity of the immune system to deal with environmental antigenic diversity.81 While crossreactivity would be of benefit in responding to a large array of pathogens, it could also result in autoimmune diseases by facilitating crossreactivity with self antigens. The fact that AMAs from patients with PBC crossreact with PDC-E2 from both humans and E. coli suggested that bacterial infection may have induced AMAs through molecular mimicry.59 However, functional assays of B cell epitope recognition showed that the level of crossreactivity was incompatible with that hypothesis.82 Studies of T cell molecular mimicry showed that among PDC-E2-reactive T cells, only one clone crossreacted with an antigenic peptide in the lipoyl domain of E. coli PDC-E2. None of the clones reacted with HLA-DRa chain peptide or human glycogen Phosphorylase peptide, which share homology with PDC-E2 but lack the critical ExDK motif. Initial reports that PBC sera reacted with Mycobacterium gordonae and that antibodies against the bacterial heat shock protein crossreacted with PDC-E2 and BCOADC-E283,84 were not confirmed.59

Published in Ronald M. Atlas, James W. Snyder, Handbook Of Media for Clinical Microbiology, 2006

Ronald M. Atlas, James W. Snyder

Use: For the cultivation and differentiation ofMyco-bacterium species. Mycobacterium tuberculosis appears as granular, rough, dry colonies. Mycobacterium kansasii appears as smooth to rough photochromoge-nic colonies. Mycobacterium gordonae appears as smooth yellow-orange colonies. Mycobacterium avi-um appears as smooth, colorless colonies. Mycobacte-rium smegmatis appears as wrinkled, creamy white colonies.

Hemorrhagic pneumonia and upper lobe pulmonary cavitary lesion caused by Streptococcus pyogenes

Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2021

Gayatri B Nair, Harish Gopalakrishna, Ricardo Conti

In a patient from an endemic area for tuberculosis, with upper lobe cavitary pneumonia, it would be appropriate to rule out tuberculosis. However, in our patient, Mycobacterium gordonae is likely a contaminant [10]. Mycobacterium gordonae, like other nontuberculous mycobacteria, is found mostly in tap water systems. It is generally viewed as a contaminant, not requiring treatment, when isolated from clinical specimens. It is still crucial to follow the cultures as presumptive therapy for tuberculosis may be initiated pending speciation. Although the imaging in this patient was classic for tuberculosis, he had a more acute presentation which should alert us to think of other differentials.

State-of-the-art treatment strategies for nontuberculous mycobacteria infections

Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2020

Maria-Carmen Muñoz-Egea, Nerea Carrasco-Antón, Jaime Esteban

Despite the increasing number of recently developed antibiotics, as described above, there are still many issues that need to be solved to achieve better of patients with NTM diseases. More possibilities for the development of new molecules with activity against NTM are being studied. In this sense, the antimycobacterial activity of Micromeria barbata, Eucalyptus globulus, and Juniperus excelsa essential oils extracted from Lebanese plants was investigated against selected Mycobacterium spp. strains including Mycobacterium tuberculosis subsp. tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis, Mycobacterium kansasii, and Mycobacterium gordonae. All tested essential oils showed high antimycobacterial activity against targeted strains. Their data showed that M. barbata, E. globulus, and J. excelsa essential oils totally inhibit mycobacterial growth. This is the first study regarding the antimycobacterial activity of essential oils, and shows promising results, which encourages more investigation on these medicinal plants, especially M. barbata [114]. Currently, the anti-Mycobacterium ulcerans activity of some plants has been scientifically confirmed, including Ficus binjamina, Ficus elastica, Ficus saussureana, and Terminalia superba. Extracts of these plants have become important therapeutic developments in the treatment of Buruli ulcer [115]. Other anti-Mycobacterium ulcerans compounds are derived from Sorindeia juglandifolia and Holarrhena floribunda [116]. These studies show that natural products represent potential alternatives to standard therapies for use as curative medicine for M. ulcerans disease.