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Principles of Pathophysiology of Infertility Assessment and Treatment*
Published in Asim Kurjak, Ultrasound and Infertility, 2020
Joseph G. Schenker, Aby Lewin, Menashe Ben-David
Salpingitis caused by microbacterium tuberculosis, parasites, or fungi is uncommon in developed countries. The incidence of genital tuberculosis is still high in some regions over the world like the Middle East, Africa, and part of South America. Gonoccocus and chlamydia are among the causative organisms transmitted by sexual activity causing mechanical infertility. Noninfectious causes of infertility include endometriosis, adhesions postpelvic surgery, congenital anomalies of the tubes, polyps, and calcified ectopic pregnancy.
Linezolid
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Linezolid has good activity against a wide range of corynebacteria, including antibiotic-resistant strains and clinical isolates (Fernandez-Roblas et al., 2009; Nhan et al., 2012; Cacopardo et al., 2013), Corynebacterium diphtheriae (nontoxigenic isolates tested) (Zasada et al., 2010), and other coryneforms such as Arthrobacter spp., Brevibacterium spp., Dermabacter hominis, Microbacterium spp., and Turicella otitidis; it is also active against Rhodococcus equi (Jones et al., 1996; Bowersock et al., 2000; Goldstein et al., 2003a, 2003b; Funke and Nietznik, 2005; Jones et al., 2007c).
The skin and subcutaneous tissues
Published in Kevin G Burnand, John Black, Steven A Corbett, William EG Thomas, Norman L Browse, Browse’s Introduction to the Symptoms & Signs of Surgical Disease, 2014
Kevin G Burnand, John Black, Steven A Corbett, William EG Thomas, Norman L Browse
The diagnosis is made by biopsy and nasal scrapings, when the microbacteria may be seen within the granulomas, consisting of epithelioid cells surrounding histiocytes and lymphocytes. Serological tests are also available (see Investigation and Management, Chapter 5).
Circulating microbiome in patients with portal hypertension
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Rolandas Gedgaudas, Jasmohan S Bajaj, Jurgita Skieceviciene, Greta Varkalaite, Gabija Jurkeviciute, Sigita Gelman, Irena Valantiene, Romanas Zykus, Andrius Pranculis, Corinna Bang, Andre Franke, Christoph Schramm, Juozas Kupcinskas
We analyzed the circulating microbiome in the hepatic veins of patients with cirrhosis. The same four phyla of the peripheral circulation microbiome comprised the hepatic vein microbiome, with Proteobacteria at 44%, Bacteroidetes at 27.7%, Actinobacteria at 18.4%, and Firmicutes at 9.9% (Figure 2(a)). There were no significant differences in the within-sample diversity (α-diversity) or community structure (β-diversity) between the hepatic vein blood and peripheral vein blood compartments (Figures 2(b-c)). Pairwise differential abundances between the different compartments of the study patients showed a tendency or the genera Acidovorax and Microbacterium to be enriched in the peripheral veins and Alpinimonas, Polynucleobacter, Prevotella, and Undibacterium to be enriched in the hepatic veins of patients with cirrhosis; however, these findings did not withstand multiple testing corrections (Figure 2(d)).
Short- term effect of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri consumption on the salivary microbiome profile of subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2022
Armelia Sari Widyarman, Nadeeka S. Udawatte, Moehamad Orliando Roeslan, Muhammad Ihsan Rizal, Mario Richi, Joko Kusnoto, Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne
We performed a linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) to determine which microbial clades, if any, could explain the slight increase in the diversity of the salivary microbiome following short-term probiotic intervention. The LEfSe analyses identified 12 species in the salivary microbiome whose over-abundance discriminated between pre- and post-probiotic samples (Figure 3 B and C) (full details are given in Supplementary Table 2 and Supplementary Figures 2 and 3). Pre-probiotic samples had a significant enrichment of species (LDA log score at a threshold of 3.0): Schlegelella aquatica (Proteobacteria), Streptococcus parasuis (Firmicutes), Anoxybacillus pushchinoensis (Firmicutes), Anoxybacillus bogrovensis (Firmicutes), Pseudoxanthomonas taiwanensis (Proteobacteria). On the other hand, Sediminibacterium goheungense (Bateriodetes) and Microbacterium ginsengisoli (Actinobacteria) OTUs gave significance at the same effect size threshold for discriminating samples with probiotic consumption. Further analysis using 10-cross validation RF modeling (Figure 3D) and STAMP methods (Figure 3E) showed that few of these identified species, S. aquatica, Microbacterium mitrae, M. ginsengisoli and S. parasuis, reflected the predominant difference between pre- and post-probiotic cohorts under the short-time probiotic intervention.
Colonizing microbiota protect zebrafish larvae against silver nanoparticle toxicity
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2020
Bregje W. Brinkmann, Bjørn E. V. Koch, Herman P. Spaink, Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg, Martina G. Vijver
Based on 16S rRNA sequence identity, we identified six different bacterial species among isolated CFUs (Figure 6). Additionally, we identified three groups of bacteria that we could not distinguish based on 16S rRNA sequences. Most of the isolated CFUs corresponded to Phyllobacterium myrsinacearum (30%), followed by bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas (30%; 13% of which was P. aeruginosa), Delftia lacustris/D. tsuruhatensis (17%), Rhizobium rhizoryzae (17%), and Sphingomonas leidyi (7%). Exposure to nAg changed the relative abundance of these bacteria among isolated CFUs. The relative abundance of P. myrsinacearum was higher (63%) among CFUs of exposed larvae compared to nonexposed larvae. Additionally, we identified several bacterial species that did not appear among selected CFUs of nonexposed larvae, including Bosea sp. (13%), bacteria of the genus Microbacterium (17%), and Staphylococcus bacteria/Sulfitobacter donghicola (7%).