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Role of Nutrition and Diet Therapy in Boosting Immunity
Published in Mehwish Iqbal, Complementary and Alternative Medicinal Approaches for Enhancing Immunity, 2023
Idli is prepared by a batter of Vigna mungo and rice by cooking it on steam (Agarwal & Bhasin, 2002). It is a fermented white-coloured round, spongy and small edible product. Using pulses with rice is compulsory for enhancing the microflora required for effective fermentation. Vigna mungo L is naturally the chief constituent with microflora fermentation ability and works as the fermentation substrate for the batter. Buttermilk or yoghurt is also used as a microorganisms source (Radhakrishnamurty et al., 1961). Vigna mungo (black gram) and rice are utilised in the proportion of 1:2 during batter preparation. Idli batter fermentation improves protein efficiency and nutritional values (Reddy et al., 1982). The chief microbes included in the leavening method of idli are heterofermentative Lactobacillus mesenteroides and lactic acid bacteria, while the acidity of the mixture is controlled by homofermentative Streptococcus faecalis (Mukherjee et al., 1965). Moreover, probiotic microbes such as Lactobacillus lactis and Lactobacillus plantarum are also established in the batter of idli. These microbes can synthesise beta-glucosidase enzyme and vitamin B12, which promotes health and increases the activity of probiotics (Iyer et al., 2013) (Figure 2.12).
Fatigue
Published in Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau, Beyond Menopause, 2023
Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau
Probiotics can be found in foods such as yogurt, cheese, miso, sauerkraut, and kimchi. They are also available as a supplement form. When selecting a probiotic, look for products that contain these five core bacteria: Lactobacillus plantarumLactobacillus acidophilusLactobacillus brevisBifidobacterium lactisBifidobacterium longumIntegrative medicine has been a proponent of probiotics for years, yet active debate continues about their benefits. Conventional medicine does not endorse their use and awaits evidence-based guidelines and conclusive research before recommending supplementation. However, conducting research is challenging because different probiotics contain different strains of bacteria (with varying benefits), and many probiotic products contain more than one strain.
Mechanism and Role of Probiotics in Suppressing Bowel Cancer
Published in Sheeba Varghese Gupta, Yashwant V. Pathak, Advances in Nutraceutical Applications in Cancer, 2019
Aaishwarya B. Deshmukh, Jayvadan K. Patel, Bharat Mishra
Another study by Sreekumar and Hosono [39] verified that a significant decrease in the bioavailability of Trp-P-2 was observed in GI tract as well as many tissues in mice when L. acidophilus NCFB1748 and B. longum BB536 supplements were provided orally. The genotoxicity of Trp-P-1 was decreased by cell fractions of L. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp. The antimutagenic effect of Lactobacillus plantarum KLAB21 is mediated by three extracellular glycoproteins. Study by Challa et al. [40] demonstrated that the rats fed with B. longum and lactulose significantly increased the activity of intestinal glutathione-S-transferase, the phase II enzymes implicated in the detoxification of noxious metabolites and carcinogenic molecules, and inhibited azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF), which are precarcinogenic markers. However, probiotic capability to attach or metabolize toxic compounds relies on the pH and additional physicochemical conditions.
Lactobacillus plantarum DP189 prevents cognitive dysfunction in D-galactose/AlCl3 induced mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease via modulating gut microbiota and PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2022
Xinping Song, Zijian Zhao, Yujuan Zhao, Zhiguo Wang, Chao Wang, Ge Yang, Shengyu Li
As the most common probiotics, Lactobacillus plantarum is widely distributed in food, such as dairy products, vegetables, meat and wine, et al. Beneficial effects of Lactobacillus plantarum to the host result from modulation of gut microbiota, improvement of intestinal barrier function and reduction of inflammatory response [20]. We isolated Lactobacillus plantarum DP189 from sauerkraut produced in the northeast of China. Previous study indicated that Lactobacillus plantarum DP189 administration elevated spatial learning and memory and ameliorated neuronal damage in the rat model of corticosterone-induced chronic stress exposure [21]. Herein, we speculated that L. plantarum DP189 has the potential to prevent or improve psychiatric and neurological diseases via modulation of gut microbiota. We also investigated the anti-AD effects of L. plantarum DP189 administration on the cognitive function, neurotransmitter levels, tissue pathology, Aβ and tau expression, microbial communities, and the mechanisms underlying AD in D-gal and AlCl3-induced AD model mice.
Microencapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum LN66 and its survival potential under different packaging conditions
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2022
Min Zhang, Cheng Yin, Jing Qian
Probiotic bacteria are a group of bacteria which are defined as live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host (Eratte et al.2018). The health effects of these microorganisms include improving the balance of intestinal microflora and mucosal defense against pathogens, enhancing the immune response as well as lowering serum cholesterol, vitamin synthesis, anti-carcinogenic activity, and anti-bacterial activity (Amiri et al.2021). Among the lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) is the most commonly probiotic found in fermented, functional, and therapeutic foods (Zoghi et al.2019). However, there are many challenges in this food industry sector, especially regarding the viability of these microorganisms during processing and product storage and low survival rates in the human gastrointestinal tract (Misra et al.2021). Nowadays, aiming to overcome these limitations, different techniques have been evaluated including adequate selection of bacterial strains, adaptation to stress, and microencapsulation (Ramos et al.2016).
The role of microbiota in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Published in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2021
Chia-Chi Chang, Eiko Hayase, Robert R. Jenq
Probiotics can be either a single strain of bacteria or mixture of strains that are produced and orally consumed, with a goal of improving intestinal homeostasis. There is some evidence that probiotic-based therapies can modulate the intestinal microbiome and mediate anti-inflammatory effects in mice. In allo-HSCT, Gerbitz et al reported that mice receiving Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG had reduced inflammation and bacterial translocation, which led to less acute GVHD and improved survival [70]. A randomized trial evaluating supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in allo-HSCT recipients, however, did not appear to appreciably modify the microbiome or reduce GVHD [71]. In a pilot trial, the administration of another probiotic, Lactobacillus plantarum, was safe and reasonably tolerated in children and adolescents undergoing allo-HSCT [72]. Currently, a randomized phase III trial aiming to evaluate the efficacy of orally administered Lactobacillus plantarum in preventing the development of GI GVHD is underway (NCT03057054).