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Nocardia
Published in Firza Alexander Gronthoud, Practical Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020
Nocardia spp. are Gram-positive, aerobic, branching rods, commonly found in dust, soil and water. Nocardia belong to the order of Actinomycetales, suborder Corynebacteriaceae and family Nocardiaceae. Common Nocardia species are N. asteroides sensu stricto, N. farcinica, N. nova, N. cyriacigeorgica and N. brasiliensis.
Cough Formation in Viral Infections in Children
Published in Sunit K. Singh, Human Respiratory Viral Infections, 2014
O’Grady Kerry-Ann F., Ian M. Mackay, Anne B. Chang
Next-generation or high-throughput sequencing has been used to examine the diversity of bacteria in the URT.179,180 This diversity is usually quantified in terms of the 16S rDNA sequence. The healthy adult nasopharynx is notable for the presence of skin lineages, including Staphylococcaceae, Propionibacteriaceae, and Corynebacteriaceae, and those found in the oral cavity such as Streptococcaceae, Veillonellaceae, and Prevotellaceae, but that each adult’s URT and LRT microbial communities are more similar to within individuals than between individuals.180
Vaginal microecological changes of different degrees of cervical lesions in Hakka women in Meizhou City
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2023
Weihong Zeng, Ye Liang, Jingqing Zhou, Haihong Lin, Lishan Huang, Danfeng He, Jizhong Wen, Boming Wu, Haochang Liu, Yaoxiang Zhong, Nanxiang Lei, Haikun Yang
To analyse the differential bacteria in vaginal bacteria during cervical lesions, an LDA effect size (LEfSe) analysis was adopted to reveal the composition of differential species in the biomes of each group, with each layer of nodes indicating phylum/class/order/family/genus from inside to outside, respectively. The analysis identified the strains with abundance differences, including most strains with high taxonomic ranks in the Cancer group (21 strains). Specifically, the strains included P. Bacteroidota and P. proteobacteria at the phylum level, Corynebacterium and Bacteroides at the genus level, Corynebacteriaceae and Muribaculaceae at the family level, and Corynebacteriales and Clostridia at the class level. Additionally, the highest abundance of Escherichia Shigella appeared in the High group and the highest abundance of Sneathia and Leptptrichiaceae in the Low group (Figure S2).
Chronic rhinosinusitis: pathogenesis, therapy options, and more
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2018
Umut Can Kucuksezer, Cevdet Ozdemir, Mubeccel Akdis, Cezmi A. Akdis
Previous knowledge on the sterile airways concept has been recently revisited with the understanding of the presence of microbial communities both in the upper and lower airways of healthy individuals [62]. Sinus mucosal health was suggested to be dependent on the composition of inhabitant microbiota, which in turn was claimed to have a mucosal protective role against infections with pathogens, while the sinus microbiota of CRS patients has decreased assortment, compared to healthy individuals [63]. Both aerobic and non-aerobic bacteria were isolated from the sinus mucosa of CRS patients [64]. S. aureus contributes to the formation of nasal polyps [1] and is reportedly the most commonly isolated organism in CRS patients [65]. CRSwNP patients produce IgEs against the enterotoxins of S. aureus, the levels of which were found to be correlated to eosinophilic inflammation in CRSwNP [66,67]. Paranasal sinuses, which are known to be colonized by bacteria [5], and biofilm formation by live bacteria contribute to the pathogenesis of CRS, playing a role in the persistence of the chronic inflammation in CRS [68]. According to a recent study, Streptococcaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Corynebacteriaceae, and Staphylococcaceae are present in distinct sub-groups of CRS patients and each of them induces distinct host responses, underlining the heterogeneity among CRS patients [69].
Effectiveness of booster dose of tetanus and diphtheria toxoids (Td) vaccine in management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a prospective, randomized, triple-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2021
Shahram Habibzadeh, Mehdi Sheikh Rahimi, Hasan Edalatkhah, Hadi Piri, Nasrollah Maleki
The present study found that recovery rate of RAS was not significantly associated with sex, education level, marital status and duration of RAS. However, occupation and positive family history or RAS had significant relations with recovery. The nature of the treatment, however, was different in the present research, i.e. while previous studies have used immunosuppressive treatments and vaccination generally boosts the immune system. The booster dose of Td vaccine administered in the case group seems to have stimulated the synthesis of antibodies which inhibited processes leading to aphthous ulcers or relieved the damage caused by the immune system stimulation. Since some Corynebacteriaceae are present in normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity (12).