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Benzylpenicillin (Penicillin G)
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Alasdair M. Geddes, Ian M. Gould, Jason A. Roberts, Jason A. Trubiano, M. Lindsay Grayson
Cardiobacterium hominis, an opportunistic Gram-negative bacillus, has been implicated as a cause of endocarditis. Rechtman and Nadler (1991) have described a patient with abdominal abscess due to this organism plus Clostridium bifermentans. Pen G is usually the best treatment.
Small intestinal microbiota: the neglected stepchild needed for fat digestion and absorption
Published in Gut Microbes, 2019
Eugene B. Chang, Kristina Martinez-Guryn
Because HFD increased the relative abundance of the family Clostridiaceae compared to LF diet in all regions, especially in the jejunum and ileum, we selected a representative reference strain from Clostridiaceae to determine if this strain or its metabolic byproducts increased markers of lipid absorption in vitro or in vivo. Clostridium bifermentans was selected based on having high sequence similarity to OTUs found in the small intestine of mice after being fed the HFD. C. bifermentans increased the expression of Dgat2, an enzyme critical for fat transport, in vitro and in vivo. While it remains unclear if C. bifermentans directly increases adiposity under HFD conditions, our findings suggested the production of soluble bioactive components or molecules by this strain promotes oleic acid uptake and the expression of Dgat2 involved in TAG synthesis. The effect was specific and not seen in other representative intestinal strains. Future studies will focus on identifying indigenous microbial strains and how their bioactive molecules facilitate and orchestrate host processes that promote lipid digestion and absorption.
MICROBIOTA INSIGHTS IN CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION AND INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
Published in Gut Microbes, 2020
C. Rodríguez, E. Romero, L. Garrido-Sanchez, G. Alcaín-Martínez, RJ. Andrade, B. Taminiau, G. Daube, E. García-Fuentes
Regarding the Dorea genus, its depletion has been previously reported in studies investigating patients suffering from CDI and IBD separately.40,79Blautia and Dorea have been described as major acetate producers in the normal gut, but it is hypothesized that they are replaced when CDI occurs.79 Recently, a study proposed a cocktail of bacteria to treat recurrent CDI, which includes Blautia producta (Peptostreptococcus productus), E. coli and Clostridium bifermentans. The authors demonstrate in their work that this bacteriotherapy could antagonize chronic relapse of CDI, which in turn inhibited the growth of Bacteroides species.89