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Exopolysaccharide Production from Marine Bacteria and Its Applications
Published in Se-Kwon Kim, Marine Biochemistry, 2023
Prashakha J. Shukla, Shivang B. Vhora, Ankita G. Murnal, Unnati B. Yagnik, Maheshwari Patadiya
Mangroves are the most complex and dynamic ecosystems, with different salinity, nutrient availability and water levels harboring diverse microbial communities. Mangroves, dominantly found at intertidal wetlands coastlines in tropical and subtropical regions, are significant for removing pollution from marine water (Bernard et al., 1996). The major groups of bacteria in this habitat include Campylobacterales, Rhizobiales and Vibrionales (Gomes et al., 2010). Tropical mangroves constitute 91% of bacteria and fungi and 7% of algae and protozoa of the total microbial mass.
Campylobacter
Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
Hongsheng Huang, Catherine D. Carrillo, Emma Sproston
The Campylobacter genus belongs to the family Campylobacteraceae proposed in 1991, the order Campylobacterales, the class Epsilonproteobacteria, and the phylum Proteobacteria. The class Epsilonproteobacteria presently comprises four closely related genera: Campylobacter, Arcobacter, Dehalospirillum, and Sulfurospirillum (http://www.bacterio.net/index.html). The taxonomy of the family Campylobacteraceae has transformed extensively since its beginning in 1963 (30). The genus Campylobacter was established in 1963 with Campylobacter fetus as the species type (7). Now the genus has 29 valid or newly identified species, 10 subspecies, and 4 biovars (Table 27.1). As of 2014, no disease association in humans has been reported for C. avium, C. canadensis, C. corcagiensis, C. cuniculorum, C. lanienae, C. lari subsp. concheus, C. peloridis, C. subantarcticus, C. troglodytis, C. volucris, “Campylobacter sp. Dolphin DP,” and “Campylobacter sp. Prairie Dog” (28).
Fecal microbiota transplantation from chronic unpredictable mild stress mice donors affects anxiety-like and depression-like behavior in recipient mice via the gut microbiota-inflammation-brain axis
Published in Stress, 2019
Nannan Li, Qi Wang, Yan Wang, Anji Sun, Yiwei Lin, Ye Jin, Xiaobai Li
The overall microbiota composition was significantly different between the CUMS group and the CON group. The relative abundance of the phyla Verrucomicrobia and Proteobacteria; class Epsilonproteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia; order Bdellovibrionales, Burkholderiales, Campylobacterales, and Desulfovibrionales; family Bdellovibrionaceae, Desulfovibrionaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Eubacteriaceae, Helicobacteraceae, Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Sutterellaceae, and Verrucomicrobiaceae; genus Helicobacter, Turicibacter, Parasutterella, Alistipes, Odoribacter, and Akkermansia were increased compared with the CON group (p<.05, FDR < 0.05), while the relative abundance of class Bacilli; order Lactobacillales, and Bifidobacteriales; family Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae; genus Barnesiella, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Olsenella were significantly lower compared with the CON group (p<.05, FDR < 0.05). Compared with the CON-recipient mice, the GM of the CUMS-recipient mice also contained higher relative abundance of phylum Verrucomicrobia, class Epsilonproteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia; family Eubacteriaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Verrucomicrobiaceae; genus Akkermansia (p<.05, FDR <0.05), while the relative abundance of class Bacilli, order Lactobacillales, family Lactobacillaceae, genus Lactobacillus were significantly lower (p<.05, FDR < 0.05) (Figure 5(A,B)).
Effects of a synbiotic on the fecal microbiome and metabolomic profiles of healthy research cats administered clindamycin: a randomized, controlled trial
Published in Gut Microbes, 2019
Jacqueline C. Whittemore, Jennifer E. Stokes, Joshua M. Price, Jan S. Suchodolski
Marked reductions in relative abundances of Actinobacteria (Adlercreutzia, Bifidobacterium, Collinsella, Slackia), Bacteroidia (Bacteroides, Prevotella), Ruminococcaceae (Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus), Veillonellaceae (Megamonas, Megasphaera, Phascolarctobacterium) and Erysipelotrichaceae ([Eubacterium]) were noted during antibiotic administration, as were increases in Clostridiaceae (Clostridium) and Proteobacteria (Enterobacteriaceae). Changes during antibiotic administration mostly were consistent with previous reports,1,3 although patterns at the conclusion of washout differed from those previously reported for a number of OTUs. Significant treatment group by time interactions were identified in this study, but not a prior study1 that used the same antibiotic and synbiotic, for relative abundances of Microbacteriaceae and Turicibacterales. These associations, however, were weak (fdr-adjusted P = 0.05). Based on the review of the relative abundances, the association for Microbacteriaceae likely reflects type 1 error given marginal statistical significance and extremely low relative abundances of the OTU in both treatment groups at all timepoints. Other significant changes in relative abundances noted in this study, but not the former one, were time-related changes in abundances of Bacilli, Bacillales, Lactobacillales, Episilonproteobacteria, Campylobacterales, Campylobacteraceae, Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacteriales, and Enterobacteriaceae. Conversely, the previous study found significant temporal changes in relative abundances of Coprococcus, Dorea, Roseburia, and Oscillospira, none of which occurred in this study. A separate study3 identified significant changes in Dialister and Enterococcus abundances in the feces of cats during treatment with amoxicillin-clavulonate with or without Enterococcus faecium SF68, neither of which was noted in this study.