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The Rhizobium/Bradyrhizobium-Legume Symbiosis
Published in Peter M. Gresshoff, Molecular Biology of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation, 2018
In spite of these difficulties, the genetic manipulation of Bradyrhizobium has recently proceeded quite rapidly with the advent of recombinant DNA techniques that enable many of the manipulations to be carried out in Escherichia coli. There is considerable interest in the genetics of Bradyrhizobium strains, because of their great agricultural importance and the large existing literature on the physiology, biochemistry, and ecology of these organisms.
Production of Wattle Seed (Acacia victoriae)
Published in Yasmina Sultanbawa, Fazal Sultanbawa, Australian Native Plants, 2017
Thrall et al. (2005) and his team at the Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research (CSIRO) have demonstrated that inoculating wattle seed with the symbiont soil bacterium Bradyrhizobium increases survival and growth rates. Bradyrhizobium is present in natural wattle-growing soils but is usually absent in farmland or in lands under reseeding or revegetation programmes. Work by the Victoria Department of Primary Industries and other collaborators including the CSIRO has shown that wattle seed inoculated with Bradyrhizobium had establishment rates 2–5 times better than untreated seed. Glasshouse trials have also demonstrated similar advantages to treated seed.
Circulating microbiome in patients with portal hypertension
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Rolandas Gedgaudas, Jasmohan S Bajaj, Jurgita Skieceviciene, Greta Varkalaite, Gabija Jurkeviciute, Sigita Gelman, Irena Valantiene, Romanas Zykus, Andrius Pranculis, Corinna Bang, Andre Franke, Christoph Schramm, Juozas Kupcinskas
Bacterial community clustering between patients with cirrhosis and healthy controls could be explained by the significant differences in the circulating microbiome composition. Compared to the controls, patients with cirrhosis showed an increase in the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae, Methylococcaceae, and Prevotellaceae and a decline in abundance of members of the families Burkholderiaceae, Cytophagaceae, Comamonadaceae, Coriobacteriaceae, Nocardiaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae. At the genus level, patients with cirrhosis had higher relative levels of Cnuella, Comamonas, Dialister, Escherichia/Shigella, and Prevotella and lower levels of Bradyrhizobium, Curvibacter, Diaphorobacter, Pseudarcicella, and Pseudomonas (Figures 1(d-e)). These results indicate a distinct circulating microbiome profile for patients with cirrhosis. Abundance levels of the differentially abundant genera in the peripheral veins of patients with cirrhosis and the controls are shown in Supplementary Figure S3.
Bacterial extracellular vesicles in biofluids as potential diagnostic biomarkers
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2022
Kar-Yan Su, Jie-Yi Koh Kok, Yie-Wei Chua, Shearn-Dior Ong, Hooi Leng Ser, Priyia Pusparajah, Pui San Saw, Bey Hing Goh, Wai-Leng Lee
In another study, the systemic BEV composition between the urine samples of 27 AD patients and 6 HC was compared using metagenomic analysis [4]. The bacterial diversity markedly decreased and the phylum Proteobacteria dominated in the AD patients, while the phylum Firmicutes dominated in the HC [4]. There was an increased occupancy of Alicyclobacillus, Propionibacterium, Streptophyta(o), and Pseudomonas, while there was a decreased occupancy of Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, Lactobacillales(o), and Bradyrhizobium [4]. This illustrated the direct relationship between the BEV and the development of AD, as beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Leuconostoc with anti-inflammatory ability, were reduced in ASD patients [4]. Therefore, urine-based diagnostic prediction models for AD could be developed using Alicyclobacillus, Propionibacterium, Pseudomonas, Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, Lactobacillales(o), and Bradyrhizobium.
Chaperonomics in leptospirosis
Published in Expert Review of Proteomics, 2018
Arada Vinaiphat, Visith Thongboonkerd
An attempt has been made to identify sHSPs-interacting partners in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 during heat stress [53]. Some of the Hsp16.6-interacting partners identified from this study have been shown to play roles in various cellular processes, including transcription, translation, cell signaling, and secondary metabolism [53]. Among well recognized bacterial species, E. coli and M. tuberculosis contain only two copies of genes encoding sHSPs, whereas B. subtilis contains three copies of such genes [50]. In E. coli, the two sHSPs (IbpA and IbpB) are associated with inclusion bodies and aggregates that are formed during heat stress [54,55]. After binding, IbpA alone can reduce size of the inclusion bodies and/or aggregates [56]. Together with IbpB, these two sHSPs can facilitate Hsp100/Hsp70-mediated function to disaggregate or further reduce size of the protein aggregates [56].Genomic analysis of 15 bacteria representing a wide variety of prokaryotic lineages has shown that eight of the bacterial genomes do not contain sHSPs-related sequences [50]. Interestingly, the absence of sHSPs has been found mostly in the pathogenic bacteria [57]. However, it is challenging to address why sHSPs are dispensable in some pathogenic bacteria and why symbiotic bacteria (i.e. Bradyrhizobium japonicum) have as many as 12 sHSPs [58].