China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Bone Health
Published in Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau, Beyond Menopause, 2023
Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau
As you venture into your later years, remaining physically active is crucial to enjoying life and remaining in your best health. Understanding and then lowering the risk of osteoporosis can ensure bone health is maintained and support the process of successfully aging. A sedentary lifestyle and low physical activity are risk factors for osteoporotic bone fractures, as well as many other health conditions. You should aim for at least 30 minutes of physical activity that includes weight-bearing on most days (preferably daily) and at least 2 days per week of muscle-strengthening activities.
Exercise and pregnancy
Published in Hung N. Winn, Frank A. Chervenak, Roberto Romero, Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine Online, 2021
All the above studies have demonstrated that exercise prescription is feasible in about 25% of pregnant diabetics and may be utilized as an optional therapeutic approach even in previously sedentary gestational diabetics. The rate of complications observed was similar in the study and control groups. In one study, two patients experienced premature labor of which one was successfully tocolyzed (73). The type, frequency, and intensity of exercise utilized in the above studies were sufficient to attain and maintain euglycemia. Non-weight-bearing exercise appears to be particularly suited for these types of patients.
Physical inactivity and health
Published in Sally Robinson, Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
Regular physical activity can delay, or minimise, musculoskeletal changes that naturally occur with age. These include a decrease in height, muscle wasting and reduced flexibility of the joints. Keeping active with age has been found to slow down the decrease in muscle mass (Raguso et al., 2006). More than three million people in the UK are diagnosed with osteoporosis, a condition of ‘brittle bones’ which particularly affects post-menopausal women (International Osteoporosis Foundation, 2018). Weight-bearing and strength and resistance exercises help to maintain and increase bone density, which prevents the development of osteoporosis. In those with osteoporosis, these exercises increase bone density and reduce falls and therefore the number of fractures (Benedetti et al., 2018; Howe et al., 2011; Giangregorio et al., 2014).
Effectiveness of Physical Therapy Interventions in Children with Brachial Plexus Birth Injury: A Systematic Review
Published in Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 2023
Mariana Aguiar de Matos, Deisiane Oliveira Souto, Bruno Alvarenga Soares, Vinícius Cunha de Oliveira, Hércules Ribeiro Leite, Ana Cristina Resende Camargos
Some interventions, such as weight bearing exercises were applied in the experimental and/or control group.7,23–26 Weight bearing exercise programs have been used to promote bone mineral density.26 It is a hypothetical mechanism, but the increase in bone mass due to the result of the dynamic strains in bone tissues regulates bone growth and resorption in favor of osteogenic process. The overload-induced remodeling process is performed by the action of osteocytes that act as mechanical receptors of applied stress and by the release of stimulating chemical factor for osteoblast proliferation at the stressed area.41 In the study of Ibrahim et al.,26 a weight bearing exercise program significantly promoted bone mineral density improvement when compared to a group that realizes exercises without weight bearing or a minimal intervention group.
Clinical effects of assisted robotic gait training in walking distance, speed, and functionality are maintained over the long term in individuals with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Mariana Volpini, Mariana Aquino, Ana Carolina Holanda, Elizabeth Emygdio, Janaine Polese
Considering the importance of gait in CP individuals, different approaches are currently used in training and rehabilitation of these individuals. These include conventional ground or treadmill gait training with or without the use of vertical support for partial weight support, and robotic-assisted gait training (RAGT). Although conventional gait training has the advantage of being more affordable, several studies report its limitations in maintaining the functional mobility of these individuals [11,12]. During conventional gait training the physical demand imposed on the therapist to support the individual is substantial, making it difficult to alter the individual’s compensatory strategies, reducing training time and, consequently, requiring more than one therapist to assist [13]. Partial weight bearing therapy is a concept of rehabilitation that uses an external device to support a percentage of the patient’s body weight allowing them to perform therapeutic activities in an upright position [14].
A cross-sectional study of the relationship between recreational sporting activity and calcaneal bone density in adolescents and young adults
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2022
Hansa Patel, Lisa Woods, Paul Teesdale-Spittle, Elaine Dennison
We observed benefits of high impact weight-bearing activity in our study. It is generally accepted that the mechanical load induced by exercise training enhances osteoblastic activity [49–51]. However, not all exercise modalities are equally osteogenic. Weight-bearing high impact exercises such as hopping and jumping have been shown to have the greatest benefits [52]. Bone formation is increased in regions of high strain, with the skeletal effect of mechanical loading being site-specific, with greater responses at skeletal sites where loading impacts are greater [2,6,53]. The majority of weight-bearing exercises elicit physical loading to the lower limbs. To generate the adaptive response of bone to mechanical loading, sufficient magnitude, rate and frequency of loading are necessary if adequate intensity of loading is to be achieved: relatively few loading repetitions are sufficient to generate an adaptive skeletal response [54]. Further, as osteocytes are desensitized by repetitive loading, short bouts with intervals of rest are more beneficial than the same number of loads performed continuously [55]. Sporting activity is particularly important as it has been suggested that adaptations to mechanical loading in adolescence and young adulthood may be translated into greater bone strength over a lifetime [56]. Bones may become less sensitive to mechanical loading after skeletal maturity is reached at 18 to 25 years of age [57].