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Methods of visual field assessment
Published in Fiona Rowe, Visual Fields via the Visual Pathway, 2016
For full threshold testing, the stimulus intensity is increased in 4 dB steps until recorded and then decreased to below the threshold level and increased again until recorded, in 2 dB steps, to confirm the threshold level at that point. A full from prior strategy may also be used in some perimeters in which the last test to be performed is recalled and the threshold levels for each point from the last test are used as starting levels for the current test. The stimuli are initially started at a level 2 dB higher than the previous threshold and the test then continues as for a full threshold programme. The Humphrey FASTPAC strategy for threshold testing determines threshold sensitivity in 3 dB steps, thus speeding up the test process. This enables the patient to finish the test more quickly and this is an advantage where patient fatigue or illness is a problem. The Humphrey SITA (Swedish Interactive Thresholding Algorithm) uses full threshold and FASTPAC testing but is a faster method of assessing the visual field because of its interactive nature with patient responses and speed. SITA standard has a testing programme of 4 and 2 dB steps similar to the full threshold programme. SITA fast has a testing programme of 3 dB steps. SITA standard has been proven to provide as accurate and reliable field results as with normal full threshold fields and therefore can be recommended for routine visual field assessment (Wild et al. 1999).
Characterization of Prelaminar Wedge-Shaped Defects in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Published in Current Eye Research, 2021
Carolina A. Chiou, Mengyu Wang, Elise V. Taniguchi, Rafaella Nascimento E Silva, Anna Khoroshilov, Dian Li, Haobing Wang, Scott H. Greenstein, Stacey C. Brauner, Angela V. Turalba, Louis R. Pasquale, Lucy Q. Shen
Inclusion criteria were: (1) open angles on gonioscopy, (2) glaucomatous ONH damage characterized by neuroretinal rim thinning, and (3) retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects with corresponding reproducible functional loss on Humphrey Visual Field (HVF, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) 24–2 tests on the Swedish Interactive Thresholding Algorithm. Exclusion criteria were: (1) secondary open-angle glaucoma, such as exfoliation glaucoma and pigmentary glaucoma, (2) unreliable HVF with fixation loss >33% or false positive and false negative >20%, (3) HVF mean deviation (MD) worse than −12 dB, (4) prior penetrating glaucoma surgery such as trabeculectomy and glaucoma drainage device implantation, due to their reported effects on LC depth,10 (5) non-glaucomatous optic nerve disease and retinal disease(s) causing visual field loss, and (6) optic disc torsion (longest axis rotation) of ≥15° outside the vertical meridian and/or tilt ratio between the shortest and longest disc diameter of <0.75.11,12
Diurnal Spikes of Intraocular Pressure in Uveitic Glaucoma: A 24-hour Intraocular Pressure Monitoring Study
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2020
Fehim Esen, Muhsin Eraslan, Eren Cerman, Hande Celiker, Haluk Kazokoglu
Exclusion criteria included the presence of any coexisting retinal or optic nerve disease, ocular media opacities (which may affect the reliability of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) images and perimetry results), active ocular surface disease, presence of pterygium or other corneal disorders (for the reliability of CLS measurements), and a history of laser trabeculoplasty. None of the patients had a history of cataract, glaucoma or retinal surgery in the studied eye. The IOP of all patients was measured three times at each visit by the same physician (FE) using the GAT, and the average was listed. RNFL analysis was performed using optical coherence tomography (Optovue Inc., Foremont, CA); central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements were obtained with ultrasonic pachymetry (SP-3000, Tomey, Japan). Perimetry was performed in all patients with a Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer instrument [Carl Zeiss Inc., Dublin, CA]) with the Swedish Interactive Thresholding Algorithm standard 30–2 protocol. All patients exhibited mild glaucoma (MD<-6 dB). None of the patients had a history of neurological disease affecting the RNFL thickness or visual filed.
Multiple Sclerosis: What Methods are Available for the Assessment of Subclinical Visual System Damage?
Published in Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2022
Demet Yabanoglu, Pinar Topcu-Yilmaz, Murat Irkec, Belgin Kocer, Berna Arli, Ceyla Irkec, Sevilay Karahan
SAP was performed with a Humphrey Field Analyser II 750 (Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc., Dublin, CA, USA) with a 30–2 Swedish Interactive Thresholding Algorithm (SITA) standard strategy using a white Goldman size III stimulus. FDTP was performed with a Humphrey Matrix Visual Field Instrument (Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc., Dublin, CA, USA) using a 30–2 FDTP threshold strategy. If the SAP or FDTP was not reliable (fixation losses, false-positive or false-negative results more than 33%), the test was repeated. The study included only patients with reliable test results. The mean deviation (MDSAP and MDFDTP) and pattern standard deviation (PSDSAP and PSDFDTP) values were compared between the groups.