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Products used on the vulva
Published in Miranda A. Farage, Howard I. Maibach, The Vulva, 2017
Miranda A. Farage, Lisa Lennon
Many products are used for menstrual protection, although disposable pads, tampons, and panty liners are the most common (Figure 37.3). However, some women use alternative protection such as menstrual cups, internally worn sponges, and washable pads made from fabric (Figure 37.4).
Analysis of selected mechanical parameters for foamed materials with non-Newtonian liquid characteristics in terms of their use in aspects of protective helmets
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2020
Marcin Jachowicz, Grzegorz Owczarek
The possibility to produce foamed materials with non-Newtonian liquid characteristics has enabled their application in products for which it is very important to combine flexibility with high requirements in terms of shock-absorbing properties [4,5]. To date, materials such as rubber, plastic, elastomer materials and soft and hard microcellular polyurethane foams have been used. Textile materials capable of kinetic energy suppression [6] for certain ranges of value, with a capacity comparable to that characterizing elastomer materials, have also been in use. These materials (e.g., microporous rubber, foamed rubber, polyvinyl chloride [PVC] and nitrile mixture) used, e.g., in shockproof pads are characterized by high energy absorption capacity and a small instant flexibility (elastic return) [7,8]. To improve the protective properties, the thickness of the cushioning material can be increased. However, the greater the density and thickness of the material, and the value of the force transferred through the sample, the less suitable such material is to protect against impacts [6] because this causes a significant increase in weight and imposes restrictions of mobility.