China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Perineal, anal sphincter and bladder injury
Published in Sheila Broderick, Ruth Cochrane, Trauma and Birth, 2020
Sheila Broderick, Ruth Cochrane
The fact that this often unexplored yet familiar area of the body can become hurt, damaged or altered during labour is challenging for many women. The wound caused by a perineal tear can be really painful, certainly initially, and the injury is in a very awkward place. It can be difficult to find a comfortable way of sitting, standing or walking until the wound heals.
Knowledge Areas 7 and 8: Management of Labour and Management of Delivery
Published in Rekha Wuntakal, Ziena Abdullah, Tony Hollingworth, Get Through MRCOG Part 1, 2020
Rekha Wuntakal, Ziena Abdullah, Tony Hollingworth
Further readingRoyal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Consent Advice No. 9 June 2010. Repair of third and fourth degree perineal tears following childbirth.
Operative delivery
Published in Louise C Kenny, Jenny E Myers, Obstetrics, 2017
Some women perform perineal massage in the antenatal period and this may reduce the risk or extent of tearing. Perineal tears occur more commonly with prolonged labour, especially the active second stage, with big babies and in association with instrumental delivery. Third-degree tears are reported in approximately 3% of primigravidae and 0.5% of multiparae. In general terms, external anal sphincter incompetence causes faecal urgency, whereas internal anal sphincter incompetence causes faecal incontinence. Third- and fourth-degree tears are grouped together and termed obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASI).
Why introducing biomechanical considerations into obstetrical management of women from pregnancy to delivery?
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2019
Most of obstetricians observe a great variability between women for the mode of delivery (cesarean section, operative delivery) and perineal tears that could occurred at childbirth (superficial tear to severe tears involving the anal sphincter complex). One hypothesis for these individual susceptibilities is that the intrinsic biomechanical characteristics of women could be associated with these outcomes. These characteristics could have a major impact for the management of the delivery in term of postural management in order to optimize the mechanism of childbirth but also in risk prediction and prevention of perineal trauma at childbirth. The objective of this paper is to provide synthetic analysis of the literature available to justify the introduction of biomechanical considerations into the obstetrical management of childbirth.
The relationship between women’s perception of support and control during childbirth on fear of birth and mother’s satisfaction
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Gulbahtiyar Demirel, Nurdan Kaya, Funda Evcili
Of the puerperal women 76% gave birth through vaginal delivery and 24% gave birth through a caesarean section. The delivery of 95.8% of the puerperal women undergoing vaginal delivery was supported by a midwife, and 79.9% were subject to some interventions (episiotomy/delivery with stitches, fundal pressure, vacuum application) during delivery. Perineal tears (first and second degree) occurred in 45.2% of the women who gave birth normally, and cervical tears occurred in 6.4% of them. In 19.6% of the puerperal women postpartum complications (bleeding and hematoma) developed. Of the puerperal women 34.2% had their first interaction with their baby after the first 20 minutes of the end of delivery, and 75.6% breastfed their baby within the first half hour (Table 2).
Efficacy and safety of prolonged-release hyaluronic acid derivative vaginal application in the postpartum period: a prospective randomised clinical trial
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2021
Claudio Gustavino, Paolo Sala, Nadia Cusini, Brunella Gravina, Cecilia Ronzini, Diletta Marcolin, Valerio Gaetano Vellone, Michele Paudice, Rossella Nappi, Sergio Costantini, Simone Ferrero, Fabio Barra
In puerperium, vaginal hydration and lubrication may be notably altered, causing considerable discomfort characterised by vaginal dryness, burning, and itching sensation. This is partly due to the hypoestrogenic state following delivery and subsequently sustained by lactation, as elevated prolactin levels decrease the production of ovarian oestrogens [3]. Additionally, vaginal delivery can be complicated by perineal tears due to laceration or episiotomy; these traumatic events may be responsible for prolonged perineal pain [4]. All these factors can lead to a negative impact on women’s sexual function after childbirth.