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Sleep Science
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Glenn S. Brassington, Glenn T. Brassington
Polysomnography is a set of physiological recordings taken during sleep. The primary parameters assessed during sleep are as follows: (1) EEG records electrical activity on the scalp associated with neurons in the brain, (2) electrooculography (EOG) records eye movement, (3) electromyography (EMG) records skeletal muscle activity, (4) pneumotachometry records respiratory airflow, and (5) pulse oximetry records the percentage of oxygen in the blood. EEG, EOG, and EMG are used to quantify the stages of sleep, while pneumotachometry and pulse oximetry are used to diagnose disordered breathing.
SKILL Ocular electrophysiology
Published in Sam Evans, Patrick Watts, Ophthalmic DOPS and OSATS, 2014
There are three components to electrodiagnostic testing: (1) electroretinography (ERG), (2) visual evoked potential (VEP) and (3) electrooculography (EOG). Each pertains to a separate part of the pathway. Before requesting EDTs, the clinician should have a clear idea of the possible diagnoses, particularly because the clear-cut diagnosis that one frequently hopes for from these investigations is seldom forthcoming – therefore, it is important to understand what you are hoping to ascertain from the test.
Electric Nerve Blocks
Published in Mark V. Boswell, B. Eliot Cole, Weiner's Pain Management, 2005
During the 20th century, electrical devices became generally accepted in medicine, initially for diagnostics. Most are familiar with electrocardiography (ECG), electroencephalography (EEG), and electromyography (EMG), including surface EMG (sEMG), and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) studies. Electrooculography, electroretinography, electronystography, electrocochleography, skin galvanics, and various evoked potentials are more specialized, although less well-known electrodiagnostic procedures (Northrup, 2001).
Nystagmus during an acute Ménière’s attack: from prodrome to recovery
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2021
John S. Phillips, Jacob L. Newman, Stephen J. Cox, John FitzGerald
This report details the outcomes from preliminary trials using a novel diagnostic system and is part of a larger portfolio of work funded by the UK Medical Research Council. The system is composed of a piece of wearable technology (Figure 1), plus the algorithms necessary to assess the data recorded by the device. Further detailed information regarding the system is available elsewhere (Phillips, Newman, and Cox 2019; Newman et al. 2019), but in essence, the device uses electrooculography for near-continuous monitoring of horizontal and vertical eye movements and also records three-dimensional head accelerations by individuals for thirty days at a time. As the device is worn near continuously, it does not rely on the patient to accurately detect attack onset, the end of the attack, or for the attack to coincide with a hospital visit. The extended monitoring duration also provides the opportunity to observe potentially informative pre- and post-attack data. Unlike patient-made video recordings which are corrupted by the patient closing their eyes, poor ambient lighting, and inconsistencies in head pose, this device is unaffected by these factors. A direct comparison may be drawn between this system and other ambulatory technologies employed in the fields of electrocardiology and electroencephalogy (Su, Borov, and Zrenner 2013; Seneviratne et al. 2013).
Oscillatory EEG Changes During Arithmetic Learning in Children
Published in Developmental Neuropsychology, 2019
Mojtaba Soltanlou, Christina Artemenko, Thomas Dresler, Andreas J. Fallgatter, Hans-Christoph Nuerk, Ann-Christine Ehlis
EEG data were recorded from 21 scalp EEG electrodes by means of a 32-channel DC-amplifier and the software Vision Recorder (Brain Products GmbH., Herrsching, Germany). This study was part of a larger project using combined EEG and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Therefore, EEG electrodes were placed according to the extended international 10–20 system (Jasper, 1958; Oostenveld & Praamstra, 2001) in a combined cap. In addition, eye movements were recorded via electrooculography (EOG), using one electrode placed below the right eye. The ground electrode was placed on AFz and the online reference electrode on FCz. Electrode impedance was kept below 20 kΩ. Data were digitalized at a rate of 1000 Hz with an online bandpass filter of 0.1–100 Hz.
Behavioral and electrophysiological investigation of hearing and speech outcomes in pre-linguistic deaf children with white matter changes after cochlear implantation
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2019
Min Shen, Zhongyan Chen, Yuan Li
The EEG data were recorded using a SynAmps 2 amplifier (NeuroScan 4.5; Compumedics, Charlotte, NC, USA) and a cap (64 Ag/AgCl electrodes) placed on the scalp at standard locations according to the extended international 10/20 system. Vertical electrooculography (EOG) data were recorded using bipolar channels placed above and below the left eye, and horizontal EOG data were recorded using bipolar channels placed lateral to the outer canthi of both eyes. All electrodes were referenced to the tip of the nose. The ground electrode was situated on the participant's forehead. The impedance was below 5 KΩ throughout the recording. The EEG was recorded at a sampling frequency of 1000 Hz, with band-pass filtering from 0.1 to 100 Hz.