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Functional Rehabilitation
Published in James Crossley, Functional Exercise and Rehabilitation, 2021
Improving ‘position sense’ is one of the most effective ways to develop sensory perception and build accurate internal body maps. A trainer should work on a client’s ability to orientate their posture and position in relation to different functional tasks and external tools, obstacles and targets. For example, one exercise might be to maintain balance in a split stance whilst reaching towards a target behind them. The client might be asked to maintain a functional spinal posture, with chest lifted, avoiding a slumped and rounded posture.
Paediatric orthopaedics
Published in Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie, Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 2018
Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie
Many types of muscular dystrophy exist that vary in terms of severity and distribution of involvement. Surgical intervention aims to improve quality of life. This is best achieved by operating early to release joint contractures and facilitate the maintenance of walking abilities and good spinal posture.
Neuromuscular disorders
Published in Ashley W. Blom, David Warwick, Michael R. Whitehouse, Apley and Solomon’s System of Orthopaedics and Trauma, 2017
Shoulder girdle weakness follows around 5 years after the clinical onset of the disease, making it difficult for the patient to use crutches. Facial muscle involvement occurs later. By the age of 10–12 years the child has usually lost the ability to walk and becomes wheelchair-dependent; from then on there is a rapid deterioration in spinal posture with the development of scoliosis and, consequently a further deterioration in lung function. Cardiopulmonary failure is the usual cause of death, generally in the fourth decade.
Validity and test–retest reliability of photogrammetry in adolescents with hyperkyphosis
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Fatemeh Azadinia, Mostafa Hosseinabadi, Ismail Ebrahimi, Mohammad-Ali Mohseni-Bandpei, Hasan Ghandhari, Marzieh Yassin, Hamid Behtash, Mohammad-Saleh Ganjavian
High reliability of photogrammetry technique and small SEM and its strong correlation with radiographic Cobb angle support the application of this technique for the measurement of thoracic kyphosis in clinical practice. A difference of approximately 12 degrees between radiographic and photogrammetric values suggests that clinicians would better not use these two techniques interchangeably during the follow-up procedure for adolescents with hyperkyphosis to ensure that changes in serial monitoring of these adolescents are the result of treatment, not measurement technique. Since the participant’s characteristics such as BMI and body morphology and the examiner’s characteristics such as the rater’s level of clinical experience in spinal posture assessment may affect the accuracy of the measurement, caution should be taken in generalizing the results obtained in the present study to other uses of this technique. Further research is needed to evaluate the psychometric properties of photogrammetry in individuals with different body morphologies and in different age ranges by raters with varying degrees of clinical experience.
Further validation of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS-30) questionnaire among adult patients with degenerative spinal disorder
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2021
Kati Kyrölä, Arja H. Häkkinen, Jari Ylinen, Jussi P. Repo
Adult spinal degeneration and deformities (ASD) are a multi-factorial continuum of anatomic changes and symptoms. ASD can include a combination of central and nerve root canal stenosis. This results in both radicular pain and local back pain related to loss of sagittal alignment and compensatory mechanisms to control spinal posture. Moreover, the main cause for seeking orthopedic consultation is radicular or local back pain and disability [7] rather than the deformity itself. The radiographic imaging findings have been shown to correlate poorly with clinical symptoms of spinal degeneration [8]. The Oswestry disability index (ODI) [9,10] and the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain [11] are frequently used patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to evaluate the severity of disability and treatment outcomes in degenerative spinal conditions [12]. Generic instruments, such as the Short-Form or the RAND-36 [13] (RAND Corp. Health, Santa Monica, CA), are often combined with disease-specific instruments to provide more in-depth patient-centered assessment.
Comparison of proprioceptive postural control strategies between prolonged standing induced low back pain developers and non-low back pain developers
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
Neda Orakifar, Reza Salehi, Mohammad Jafar Shaterzadeh Yazdi, Mohammad Mehravar, Zahra Najarzadeh
As the first finding of this study, the higher RPW in the PD group compared to NPD group prior to prolonged standing indicate that the PD group relies less on back muscles proprioception without being affected by the prolonged standing discomfort. Similarly, Claeys et al. (2011) reported the higher RPW values in the patients with chronic LBP compared to healthy controls during standing on the stable and unstable surfaces and in sitting position. Impairment in lumbar proprioception decreases the ability to maintain a neutral spinal posture and appropriately coordinate muscles activation (Tong et al., 2017). This would compromise spinal control and increase spinal stresses and strains (Reeves, Narendra, and Cholewicki, 2011) and may predispose individuals for LBP development.