China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Trunk Muscles
Published in Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Handbook of Muscle Variations and Anomalies in Humans, 2022
Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Rowan Sherwood
On the right side of an anencephalic male fetus, Windle (1893) observed that psoas major was divided into two portions (one being deficient) that shared an insertion. In a case of congenital absence of the femur, Manohar (1939) reports that psoas was very small, being well-developed near the vertebral column and inserting via a tendon onto the middle of the iliac crest. Pirani et al. (1991) describe soft tissue anatomy associated with cases of proximal femoral focal deficiency (PFFD). In Aitken type B PFFD, psoas major is smaller than typical. Itoh et al. (1991) describe fetal akinesia/hypokinesia sequence in one male and one female infant, each with a suite of anatomical anomalies. The iliopsoas muscle in the male contained irregular small fibers while the muscle in the female showed focal atrophy.
Coxa vara
Published in Benjamin Joseph, Selvadurai Nayagam, Randall Loder, Ian Torode, Paediatric Orthopaedics, 2016
When planning a proximal femoral osteotomy the status of any potentially pseudarthrotic areas must be known. In those with deformity due to infantile sepsis, it is possible that the entire femoral head and neck has disappeared, or that there is simply a pseudarthrosis between the basilar neck and more proximal metaphyseal area. The same exists in children with proximal femoral focal deficiency. There may be a complete pseudarthrosis at the subtrochanteric level, or simply a fibrous or cartilaginous anlage that has not yet ossified. In order to obtain the necessary information it may be necessary to perform an MRI and an arthrogram before the definitive surgical procedure.
What is the association between MRI and conventional radiography in measuring femoral head migration?
Published in Acta Orthopaedica, 2021
Hans-Christen Husum, Michel Bach Hellfritzsch, Mads Henriksen, Kirsten Skjaerbaek Duch, Martin Gottliebsen, Ole Rahbek
16 children (14 girls) were identified. 1 had missing pelvic radiographs and 1 child had incomplete MRI data, totaling pelvic radiographs and MRI scans of 30 hips. 8 hips were scanned in 3.0T scanners and 7 were scanned in 1.5T scanners, mean age at radiographic examination was 5 years (2–8), and mean interval between radiograph and MRI was 133 days (16–234). The ethnicity of included patients was: Caucasian (n = 14), Turkish (n = 1), and African (n = 1). 4 patients had musculoskeletal disorders which were: bilateral coxae vara, Calvé–Legg–Perthes disease with secondary acetabular dysplastic changes, and unilateral proximal femoral focal deficiency (Table 1).