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Cardiovascular disease
Published in Sally Robinson, Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are treated as separate risk factors for cardiovascular disease, as each has a specific meaning. Physical inactivity means an individual is not engaging in enough physical activity to meet the guidelines for good health (Tremblay et al., 2017). In the UK, for 19- to 64-year-olds, these are 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week or 75 minutes of vigorous activity along with muscle-strengthening activities on two days per week (DHSC, 2019). Physical inactivity is associated with atherosclerosis because it has been linked to impaired blood glucose regulation, which increases the risk of high blood glucoseimpaired blood flowstiffening of the artery walls(Lavie et al., 2019)
Metabolic Effects of Exercise on Childhood Obesity
Published in Peter M. Tiidus, Rebecca E. K. MacPherson, Paul J. LeBlanc, Andrea R. Josse, The Routledge Handbook on Biochemistry of Exercise, 2020
Kristi B. Adamo, Taniya S. Nagpal, Danilo F. DaSilva
Children who have an overweight BMI have higher risks for numerous health conditions, and children who have obesity before the age of 6 are likely to have obesity later in childhood and as adults (67). Physical inactivity is also associated with an increased risk of several chronic diseases, including obesity and heart disease (89, 104). Taken together, children with obesity and low activity levels may be at an increased risk for later-life chronic conditions. Physical activity introduced early in the preschool years is associated with improved body composition and decreased risk for cardiovascular consequences (lower total cholesterol, lower resting heart rate, and sub-maximal heart rate during exercise) (85). It is essential to intervene early to prevent and treat childhood obesity, as longitudinal studies have shown that established weight trajectories are difficult to change. Although intervening during childhood is important and necessary, it should be acknowledged that an abundance of evidence also exists suggesting that obesity may be “programmed” in utero.
The association between physical activity, sedentary behaviour and body mass index in students
Published in Cut Adeya Adella, Stem Cell Oncology, 2018
U.H. Surbakti, M.I. Sari, D.D. Wijaya
Physical inactivity occurs when body movements are minimal and can also be referred to as sedentary behaviour (behaviour that is bound to one place). Included in sedentary behaviour is watching television, reading, working in front of a computer or talking to friends on the phone or learning. Physical inactivity is counted as sitting time. Lack of physical activity and the duration of time spent in sedentary behaviour can be a risk factor for obesity (Heinonen et al., 2013; Brodersen et al., 2007). According to research Jayamani et al. (2013) comparison of women with moderate physical activity who are overweight/obese as much as 3,87 times than women with high physical activity. Previous research has shown that sedentary behaviours such as watching television and videos, using computers and playing video games are linked to obesity (Stamatakis et al., 2008).
Occupational therapy’s contributions to combating climate change and lifestyle diseases
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 2021
Laura V. Garcia Diaz, Julie Richardson
Individual lifestyle choices and public policies have been identified as co-solutions to the climate change and lifestyle diseases global crises [18]. For example, in Canada, passenger transportation (e.g. buses and cars) contributes to 54% of the total greenhouse gas emissions [19]. The use of passenger transportation is also associated with physical inactivity [20]. Physical inactivity is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes [21]. In response to this environmental and health problem, active transportation (e.g. bicycling and walking) has gained attention as a feasible way to increase physical activity while simultaneously lowering greenhouse gas emissions [22]. Similarly, adherence to a plant-based diet (a diet low in frequency of animal products) has been shown to be associated with a 19% lower risk of cardiovascular disease [23], and 20–30% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions [24]. Thus, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the prevalence of lifestyle diseases individuals are encouraged to consume more fruits, vegetables, whole grains and fish and to lower consumption of red meats and dairy [25]. Figure 1 provides an overview of the relationship between daily occupations, climate change and lifestyle diseases (Figure 1).
Exercise and well-being during COVID 19 – time to boost your immunity
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2020
Chathuranga Ranasinghe, Cemal Ozemek, Ross Arena
Maintaining regular, daily physical activity is a critical component of a healthy lifestyle [6]. Exercise is a subcategory of ‘physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive and has as a final or intermediate objective to improve or maintain one or more dimensions of physical fitness’ [7]. Many countries have seen an increase in physical inactivity and sedentarism at pandemic proportions over recent years and have likely further accelerated due to the COVID-19 pandemic [8]. Sedentary behavior is defined as any waking behavior characterized by an energy expenditure ≤1.5 METs while in a sitting, reclining, or lying posture [9]. Physical inactivity is used to describe people who are performing insufficient amounts of moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity by not meeting specified physical activity guidelines (e.g. World Health Organization (WHO)/American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) physical activity guidelines) [10]. In this context, promoting physical activity has never been more critical.
Using the wellness inventory to assess health and well-being in college students at the end of the semester
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2020
John E. Lothes, Lindsey Nanney
Physical inactivity has been associated with the increased risk of multiple chronic diseases and health conditions (eg, obesity).8 Other sedentary activities, such as studying, reading, writing papers, or being on a computer, may compete with college students’ exercise when they are deciding on how to spend their time. Fotheringham et al9 found that in a sample of young Australian adults, those with the highest percentage of computer use were more likely to be physically inactive. While there are specific time constraints placed upon college students by their academic requirements, there is also considerable discretionary time that can be used for enhancing wellness.10 Based on how college students use their time, there will be a wellness outcome, be it poor or positive. For example, study and library time may influence a college student's level of wellness and potential for psychical activity engagement. Various factors play a role in these choices, as finals or graduation approach students may dedicate more time to academic requirements than to wellness activities. Or on the weekend, more time may be committed to social interactions than to physical activities.