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Gene Therapy and Small Molecules Used in the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis
Published in Yashwant Pathak, Gene Delivery, 2022
Manish P. Patel, Uma G. Daryai, Mansi N. Athalye, Praful D. Bharadia, Jayvadan Patel
The bronchoalveolar lavage procedure is basically done to collect a sample from the lungs for diagnostic purpose. The results of diagnosis shows a high percentage of neutrophils (≥50% in patients with cystic fibrosis as compared with normal subjects having 3%); the presence of large numbers of neutrophils in lavage fluid, even in the absence of pathogens, is strong evidence of cystic fibrosis (Stern, 1997).
Laparoscopic Appendectomy
Published in Haribhakti Sanjiv, Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery, 2020
Lavage, drainage, closure: After specimen retrieval, the abdominal cavity is inspected again for any bleeding or collection. A thorough peritoneal lavage is done. Usually, drains are not placed after an appendectomy, except in cases of friable appendicular stump, and risk of bleeding or leak. It is important to close the sheath of the 10 mm port site.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Inhalation Lung Toxicity
Published in Jacob Loke, Pathophysiology and Treatment of Inhalation Injuries, 2020
K. Randall Young, Herbert Y. Reynolds
In a typical lavage procedure, sterile isotonic saline is infused through the bronchoscope in 30-50 ml aliquots; following instillation of each aliquot, the fluid is gently aspirated back through the bronchoscope using a syringe or gravity drainage. This alternating procedure is continued until a predetermined total of instilled volume is reached (see below). Fluid recovery is initially poor as the lung segment is filled with saline but improves quickly; typically 55-75% of the infused volume is recovered from the lung. The remainder is rapidly absorbed into the circulation and is no longer detectable (at least radiographically) within 24 hr of the procedure.
A Case of Postoperative Endophthalmitis Caused by Streptococcus Bovis
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2023
Guangsen Liu, Yue Li, Lei Gao, Na Li, Jing Su
Over the next few days, the patient felt no improvement. Repeated intravitreal injection of vancomycin was done on December 8. B-ultrasound examination confirmed the dynamic changes within the vitreous cavity (Figure 2a–d). Over the next period of 2 weeks, his vision remained light perception. Brown hypopyon (Figure 5) was gradually increasing and the iris and pupil structures could not be seen. The patient underwent lavage of the anterior chamber on December 21. To our surprise, the anterior chamber exudate was not a true liquid, but a formed exudates membrane, which could only be removed mechanically by intraocular forceps. Unfortunately, despite all these aggressive measures, the patient was discharged with a final outcome of retinal detachment and atrophia bulbi with no light perception.
Power washing pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2021
Tiana R. Endicott-Yazdani, Gary S. Schwartz, Haiying Zhang, Randall L. Rosenblatt, Puneet S. Garcha
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare source of dyspnea caused by alveolar lipoprotein accumulation.1,2 Imaging demonstrates interstitial thickening with ground glass infiltrates called “crazy paving” but is not pathognomonic. Alveoli fill with lipoprotein-rich material positive for periodic acid–Schiff on staining.3 Whole-lung lavage (WLL) is the standard of care; it ventilates one lung while the other is lavaged with large volume fluids to disimpact accumulated alveolar surfactant with the goal of improving oxygenation.4 Traditionally, lavage of each lung can be done separately. However, severely hypoxemic patients are precluded from lavaging even one lung.5 Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) has emerged as a means to provide oxygenation during WLL.6–8 We present our experience using VV-ECMO for WLL in three severely hypoxemic patients with PAP.
How hearing conservation training format impacts personal attenuation ratings in U.S. Marine Corps Training Recruits
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2021
Jeremy Federman, Stephanie J. Karch, Christon Duhon
In order to obtain approximately 100 participants in each of the three HPD fit-training cohorts, a total of 821 U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) training recruits located at the USMC Marine Corps Recruit Depot (MCRD), Parris Island completed a “baseline” fit-test. Only those who failed the test were included in subsequent training method cohorts. Prior to the study, all recruits had received a standard hearing conservation programme (HCP) orientation in accordance with DoD Instruction 6055.12 (2010) and Marine Corps Order 6260.3 A (Commandant of the Marine Corps, 2016) as part of their basic training. The amount of time between the HCP orientation and the “baseline” initial self-fit (ISF) fit-test varied by participant, while the studied training methods (current, eHPD, integrated) occurred the same day as “baseline” ISF testing. Prior to study inclusion, any recruit identified via otoscopy as requiring cerumen removal received an ear lavage in accordance with standard procedures at MCRD, Parris Island.