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Platform-Driven Pandemic Management
Published in Ram Shringar Raw, Vishal Jain, Sanjoy Das, Meenakshi Sharma, Pandemic Detection and Analysis Through Smart Computing Technologies, 2022
Jayachandran Kizhakoot Ramachandran, Puneet Sachdeva
Mass surveillance is also an integral part when it comes to public health management. It allows to get insights related to compliance on the ground [17]. Compliance for keeping 6-feet social distance, mask adherence or to prevent crowding in certain places. With the help of staffed or unmanned aerial vehicles (MAV/UAV), in other words using drones, guidelines are enforced. The collected metrics make their way to the common data platform, for it to be processed and reported upon. Availability of such metrics in near-real time increases the effectiveness and efficiency for controlling the spread on the ground and to find actual or potential hotspots.
The Potential of Drone Technology in Pandemics
Published in Abbas Rajabifard, Greg Foliente, Daniel Paez, COVID-19 Pandemic, Geospatial Information, and Community Resilience, 2021
David R. Green, Alex R. Karachok, Billy J. Gregory
Unmanned aerial vehicles have also been used in several cities around the world to monitor compliance with virus-related safety measures as well as to spray disinfectant e.g. in India and China [21]. China was in fact one of the first countries to use drones in response to COVID-19 and as early as February 2020, Antwork - part of the Japanese group Terra Drone - used a drone to transport test samples and medical supplies from a local hospital in Zhejiang province to a nearby disease control centre. In 2019, Antwork were the first urban drone delivery company to obtain a license from the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC). Some of the benefits arising from this demonstration were that the transport time was halved, and this in turn was found to relieve stress on medical staff.
The Future of Biosecurity Surveillance
Published in Kezia Barker, Robert A. Francis, Routledge Handbook of Biosecurity and Invasive Species, 2021
Evangeline Corcoran, Grant Hamilton
Unmanned aerial vehicles, also known as UAVs or drones, may improve data capture for more specific surveillance. These platforms are portable and easy to manoeuvre and can be fitted with a wide variety of sensors that can detect signals across visible and non-visible spectra for a relatively low cost compared to satellite surveys (Hollings et al., 2018). Unlike satellites they can sample at very close range but without the direct contact involved in ground surveys. This means that the potential for spread of contaminants from infested sites is reduced, as well as making surveys safer for researchers who do not need to navigate unfavourable terrain. Image capture from UAVs could also be supplemented by ground-based cameras or drones, to add complimentary near-scale or under-leaf data (Shi et al., 2016). UAV technology, while yet to reach its full potential, has been the subject of intense interest around the world, which has led to a rapid expansion in experimentation and use. Further research is needed to investigate the most accurate and efficient ways to conduct biosecurity surveillance surveys with these platforms (Baxter and Hamilton, 2018). While individual trials are currently being carried out for detection of a variety of pest species, there is yet to be a coherent understanding of the utility of this technology in many areas.
Mental Health in Australian Defence Force Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Operators in Afghanistan
Published in Military Behavioral Health, 2021
Duncan B. Wallace, Andrew S. Moss, Cate J. Chesney, Mitchell J. Dowling, Samantha A. Hodges, Jacqueline L. Costello
The increase in UAV use in recent conflicts has been accompanied by concerns about the ethics of using such advanced technology in asymmetrical conflicts and whether the experience of this type of combat may cause a greater risk of harm to the mental health of operators (Chatterjee, 2015; Hijazi et al., 2017). While this has not been borne out in previous US studies, we nevertheless wanted to examine the particular experience of Australian UAV operators which differs in that they actually deployed to the area of operations and only operated unarmed aircraft. Our results showed that the mental health of UAV operators was not worse than all other ADF personnel deployed on the same operation. The results were also favorable when compared to a very large cohort of ADF personnel examined in a well-designed mental health prevalence study (Van Hooff et al., 2018). It is likely that the results found for UAV operators reflect a healthy worker effect in a selected and highly trained population.
Focus on a rare clinical entity: unicuspid aortic valve disease
Published in Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 2020
Shiho Naito, Tatiana Sequeira-Gross, Johannes Petersen, Theresa Holst, Hermann Reichenspurner, Evaldas Girdauskas
Current recommendations for the management of BAV patients are based on large observational studies and data from multicenter registries (e.g. BAVCON) [32] . In contrast, UAV is a rare clinical entity and most information about UAV has been acquired from anatomical and surgical analyzes [7]. The demonstration of similarities between BAV and UAV populations may allow the adoption of current BAV treatment recommendations to UAV patients, while considering the fact that aortic stenosis and aortopathy tend to occur earlier in UAV patients. In general, UAV requires surgical treatment at least one to two decades earlier than BAV. If cardiovascular imaging cannot distinguish between UAV and BAV morphology, the application of current BAV guidelines to those patients can be an appropriate management strategy while a close monitoring for complications of both the aortic valve and aorta is necessary.
Identification of Swimmers in Distress Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Experience at the Mont-Tremblant IRONMAN Triathlon
Published in Prehospital Emergency Care, 2020
Valerie Homier, François de Champlain, Michael Nolan, Richard Fleet
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly referred to as drones, are remotely piloted aircraft initially used in the military and increasingly used in industry and the public sector (1–4). Emerging UAV applications in medicine include provision of disaster assessments in areas where access is severely restricted, and delivery of aid packages (medicines, vaccines, blood, medical supplies, etc.) to remote areas (5–7). The potential of UAVs to provide rapid access to automated external defibrillators for cardiac arrest patients is being explored in Canada and several European countries (8–13). One arena where application of UAV technology has not been well studied is outdoor sporting events such as triathlons and extreme wilderness competitions. Millions of individuals participate in these events annually, and medical emergencies can occur (14, 15). Use of UAVs could help identify athletes showing early signs of distress and improve the timeliness of emergency care.