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International Cosmetic Surgery Associations
Published in M. Sandra Wood, Internet Guide to Cosmetic Surgery for Women, 2013
Gives information on plastic surgery for both patients and doctors. This site is in Dutch. This site is the “home” of PLink (the Plastic Surgery Links Collection), an aggregator of plastic surgery information. PLink site is in English.
Association of the KISS1, LIN28B, VDR and ERα gene polymorphisms with early and fast puberty in Chinese girls
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2023
Yunwei Li, Huifeng Zhang, Qiang Li, Xinwei Huang, Xiangyang Kong
Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). Tests of normality (Shapiro-Wilk) and equal variance (Levene median) were conducted using SPSS 25.0 software. Genotype frequencies of the SNPs were evaluated for the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) using the chi-squared (χ2) test. Each genotype of selected SNPs was assessed by using logistic regression analysis in additive, dominant, and recessive models. Odd ratios (ORs) were calculated with the associated 95% confidence interval (CI). Linear regression analysis under the additive model was performed to assess the association of the SNPs with hormone levels in EFP cases. All association analysis was adjusted by age and BMI. PLINK (version 1.9) and Haploview4.2 was used to perform genetic analyses. We used Bonferroni correction on P values from SNP-trait association analysis. Additionally, we compared the directions of the effects of SNPs from this study with those obtained from our previous study on CPP [9], and integrated this information into multiple testing correction.
School performance and genetic propensities for educational attainment and depression in the etiology of self-harm: a Danish population-based study
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2023
Holger J. Sørensen, Sussie Antonsen, Michael E. Benros, Annette Erlangsen, Clara Albiñana, Merete Nordentoft, Anders D. Børglum, Ole Mors, Thomas Werge, Preben B. Mortensen, David Hougaard, Roger T. Webb, Esben Agerbo
The PRS is a sum of autosomal risk alleles carried by an individual, where each term is weighted by the corresponding log-odds ratio from the specific separate discovery GWAS sample [26]. The PRS for educational attainment (PRSEDU) was GWAS-based with summary statistics (n = 1,131,881 individuals) [27]. The PRSEDU correlates positively with years of schooling so individuals with more years of schooling tend to have a higher score. Summary statistics were filtered at a minor allele frequency (MAF) of 0.05 and info score at 0.9, when present, and we removed the broad major histocompatibility complex-region (MHC-region) (chromosome 6: 25–35MB). All ambiguous markers were removed to avoid potential strand conflicts. The summary statistics were restricted to SNPs known to be present in iPSYCH data at info score ≥0.01 throughout all 23 sample waves (batches). Clumping was done on the filtered summary statistics employing the whole genome association analysis toolset, PLINK. Details about iPSYCH genotyping, ancestry filtering and quality control (QC) have previously been described. PRSMDD was derived using the most recently published results from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (not including iPSYCH2012) as discovery GWAS datasets [28]. Both scores were standardized using the arithmetic mean and standard deviation in the population controls only.
Sex specific effect of gut microbiota on the risk of psychiatric disorders: A Mendelian randomisation study and PRS analysis using UK Biobank cohort
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2021
Xin Qi, Fanglin Guan, Shiqiang Cheng, Yan Wen, Li Liu, Mei Ma, Bolun Cheng, Chujun Liang, Lu Zhang, Xiao Liang, Ping Li, Xiaomeng Chu, Jing Ye, Yao Yao, Feng Zhang
A cohort study of ∼500,000 individuals from the UK composed of UK Biobank source, which were all aged 40 to 69 years. From over 9.2 million invitations, 503,325 participants were recruited. Participants used touchscreen tests and questionnaires as well as nurse-led interviews to self-report the extensive phenotypic data upon baseline assessment. UK BiLEVE Axiom Array or the UK Biobank Axiom Array was used to genotype (The UK Biobank Array Design Group 2014; Wain et al. 2015). PLINK v2.0 and R v3.5.1 were used to perform quality control (Chang et al. 2015). All subjects included in this study are self-reported white people. The samples were excluded because of sex chromosome karyotypes putatively different from XY or XX. Therefore, 450,580 samples (244,945 females and 205,635 males) passed sample quality control. With the 1000 Genomes Phase 3 dataset as the reference panel, SHAPEIT3 was used to perform imputation (McVean et al. 2012; O'Connell et al. 2016). Imputation files were released in the BGEN (v1.2) file format (Band and Marchini 2018). For the UK Biobank study, the detailed description of the genotyping, quality control and imputation are described in previous study (McVean et al. 2012; The UK Biobank Array Design Group 2014; Chang et al. 2015; Wain et al. 2015; O'Connell et al. 2016; Band and Marchini 2018; Bycroft et al. 2018).